Expository Texts: Humanistic, Scientific, and Informative
Expository Texts
Expository texts are intended to explain or make known to receptors present knowledge in an objective manner. These are texts that convey humanistic studies on individual human beings, and texts that communicate scientific knowledge that has to do with nature. Informative text addresses a subject the issuer believes receivers do not know, exposed with the intention of informing them.
Argumentation
Argumentation is an easy way of trying to convince the receiver of thoughts or beliefs. A thesis consists of reasoning (the idea body) and a conclusion (the thesis with compelling character). Column opinion is written by a person of prestige and provided to the firm that collaborates with the Spanish newspaper.
Romanticism
Romanticism is the expression of cultural ideals of the bourgeoisie, struggling to gain political power, social and cultural:
- Romantic individualism expresses the artist’s originality by rebel attitudes.
- Subjectivism gives priority to the manifestation of one’s beliefs.
- Sentimentality: feelings are the best guides to action.
- Irrationalism: the intimate world of the mysterious person is a universe containing deep secrets that only you can make known through sleep.
- Artistic freedom.
José de Espronceda took the life of the artist’s typical romantic lyricism, also seen in his major works. His poetic style is very uneven. Ángel Saavedra, Duque de Rivas, opened the road to success with the romantic drama Don Álvaro, or the Force of Destiny. José Zorrilla was the most successful author of such classics, inspired by his work Don Juan Tenorio, which reflects the tradition of the seventeenth-century Don Juan.
Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer
Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer’s extensive literary work is little known. He wrote mystery stories under the title of Legend, and wrote a set of 86 brief poems that express the failure of love and solitude. Rosalía de Castro wrote much of his work in Galician. The content of his work conveys his intimate inner world through nature-inspired symbols.
Realism
Realism is the expression of the dominant mentality of the liberal bourgeoisie. Juan Valera practiced realism of a more psychological type. Pepita Jiménez and Juanita la Larga were his most successful novels, set in Andalusia. His prose is elegant and free of defects.
Benito Pérez Galdós
Benito Pérez Galdós’s first stage as a prolific novelist saw these novels used as propaganda tools of liberalism (e.g., Doña Perfecta). His second stage, i.e., contemporary Spanish novels, includes Fortunata y Jacinta, and shows an interest in the inner world of characters. His third stage characters are of a more spiritual nature (e.g., Misericordia).
Naturalism
Naturalism is a literary movement that proposes that the novel must function as an experimental laboratory. Leopoldo Alas Clarín’s novel La Regenta remains his authentic masterpiece of Spanish literature. Emilia Pardo Bazán introduced naturalism in Spain (e.g., Los Pazos de Ulloa), set in rural Galicia.
Hispanic Modernity
Hispanic Modernity was born in America. Some writers, such as José Martí and Rubén Darío, created a new poetic language. Rubén Darío’s books Azul and Prosas Profanas are the expression of secular modernism. As the brighter front is more intimate.
Generation of ’98
The Generation of ’98 shares the same background of dissatisfaction and revolt against the modern world, and the same desire for beauty that modernism rebellion against bourgeois values set: Castilianism, subjectivism, vitalism, and desire for beauty.
Antonio Machado’s themes are loneliness, anxiety over the passage of time, death, and the longing of God (e.g., Campos de Castilla). Pío Baroja’s stories express the values of the time (e.g., The Tree of Science), and has the expertise of a young intellectual who tries to understand human existence. Ramón María del Valle-Inclán was devoted to journalism in Spain. Later works evolved: Bohemian Lights, Divine Words, Europeanism, and antiromanticism.
Novecento
Novecento emphasized artistic purity and intellectual rigor. Juan Ramón Jiménez dealt with practical issues of modernism, love, and nostalgia for a lived experience (e.g., Platero and I).
Época Intelectual (Intellectual Era)
Pure poetry is characterized by a symbol to express an abstract idea of eternity and beauty. In Real Time, the forefront in this era questioned scientific principles which had been considered immutable truths, such as wing plant Freud existence of a dark world that underlying human consciousness.
Generation of ’27
The Generation of ’27 focused on heterogeneity, experimentalism, free play of images and dehumanisation, classic experiment neopopularismo, and artistic purity. Federico García Lorca highlights the Gypsy Romances. His death during the civil war resonated worldwide.