Essential Vocabulary for Progress and Transformation

Vocabulary for Progress, Change, and Achievement

Vocabulary for Improvement and Transformation

  • Make improvements to: make changes to make something better.
  • Influencing: having an effect on someone’s decisions or behavior.
  • Make advances in + -ing: make progress in something.
  • Turning point: a time when an important change takes place in a situation.
  • Transform: make someone or something completely different.
  • Inspire: give someone the enthusiasm to do or create something.
  • Overcome difficulties: succeed in dealing with or controlling problems.
  • Make the world of difference: have an extremely important and beneficial effect on something.
  • Remarkable achievement: a very surprising or impressive accomplishment.
  • Seek ways to improve: try to find, look for, or search for methods to make something better.
  • Tackle or face issues/problems: to deal with or confront difficulties.

Aim Higher: Describing Types of Change

  • Subtle changes: changes that people would hardly notice.
  • Unexpected changes: changes that we were not expecting to make.
  • Refreshing changes: a change that is different and exciting.
  • Considerable change: a change that is large and noticeable.
  • Far-reaching change: a change that will affect a lot of people in an important way.
  • Dramatic changes: changes that are sudden and surprising.

Reading Comprehension Vocabulary

  • Doorstep: a small step outside a house or building.
  • Expand: become larger in size and fill more space.
  • Thrive: become very successful, happy, or healthy.
  • Complex: complicated or difficult to understand.
  • City-dwelling: a person or animal that lives in an urban setting.
  • Surroundings: the things and conditions that are around a thing or person.
  • Turn out: have a particular result.
  • Take over: take control of something.
  • Move into: start living in a place.
  • Go through: search something carefully.

Phrasal Verbs and Nouns for Progress

  • Look back on: remember.
  • Stand up for: fight for, support.
  • Miss out on something: to lose an opportunity to experience something good.
  • Keep up with: be up to date.
  • Come up against: face, confront.
  • Get on with: to continue doing something, or to have a good relationship with someone.
  • Downfall: a sudden loss of power, status, or success.
  • Drop-off: a place where passengers are let out of vehicles.
  • Upbringing: the way that parents look after their children and teach them to behave.
  • Breakthrough: a discovery or achievement that comes after a lot of hard work.
  • Setback: a problem that delays or stops progress or makes a situation worse.
  • Changeover: a change from one method, system, or activity to another.

Listening Comprehension Terms

  • Orphan: a child whose parents have died.
  • Swipe: move your finger across the screen of a smartphone.
  • Asylum seeker: someone who asks to live in another country because they are in danger in their own country.
  • Supply chain: the process of getting a product from its origin to the consumer.

Vocabulary for Social and Demographic Topics

  • Life expectancy: the length of time that someone is likely to live.
  • Population growth: an increase in the number of people living in a particular area.
  • Senior citizens: people who are typically 65 years old or older.
  • End poverty: stop a situation where people do not have enough money to pay for their basic needs.
  • Ageing population: a population in which the proportion of older individuals is increasing.
  • Own their own property: possess land and the buildings on it.
  • Have been made homeless: to be in a situation where you are without a place to live.
  • A tiny minority of: a very small number of people that are part of a larger group but different in some way.
  • Individual privacy: the personal freedom to do things without other people watching you or knowing what you are doing.
  • Protect your identity: keep your personal information and who you are safe from loss or harm.

Aim Higher: Idioms Related to ‘Live’

  • Live and learn: discover something surprising all the time.
  • Live and let live: accept other people’s beliefs and way of life, even if they are very different.
  • Lived happily ever after: had happy lives forever.
  • Live the dream: to be truly leading an ideal life.
  • Live for the moment: enjoy the present time and not worry about the future.
  • Live in the past: still think and talk about the past.

Reading Vocabulary: Synonyms and Phrasal Verbs

  • Essential: fundamental.
  • Joy: happiness.
  • Instantly: immediately.
  • Unfamiliar: unknown.
  • Infinite: uncountable.
  • Truly: really.
  • Join in: do an activity with people who are already doing it.
  • Date back to: be made or begun at a particular time in the past.
  • Line up: form a row.
  • Half a world away from: very distant from.

Descriptive Adjectives for Quality and Efficiency

  • Appealing: attractive and interesting.
  • Unbeatable: better than anything else of the same type.
  • Worthwhile: worth the time, money, and effort.
  • First-rate: of the highest quality.
  • Well-established: having existed for a long time and having been successful or accepted for a long time.
  • Efficient: working well and producing good results.
  • Convenient: easy to use or suitable for a particular purpose.
  • Effortless: done well and successfully, without any effort.
  • Affordable: cheap enough for ordinary people to buy.
  • Standard: with a level of quality considered normal.