Essential Concepts in Database Management, E-Commerce, and BI
Database Management Systems
DBMS Software Components
A Database Management System (DBMS) contains five important software components. One of these is the: Data Definition Subsystem.
Primary and Foreign Keys
Every primary key can also be used as a: Foreign Key (when referencing another table).
Storing Facts About Information (Metadata)
If you needed to store facts about the information you were collecting, you would use a: Data Dictionary.
Unique Identification Field
If your phone number was used in a clothing store to uniquely identify you, it would function as a: Primary Key.
Data Quality Check
If your student information had two different birth dates, your data would not be considered: Clean.
Database Supporting OLTP
What is another name for a database that supports Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)? An Operational Database.
SQL Definition
What is SQL? A Fourth Generation Language (4GL) found in most DBMSs, used for managing and querying relational data.
Identifying Database Structure
What must you identify before adding any information to a relational database? The Logical Structure (schema).
Storing Purchase Information
When information is stored about a purchase or sale, what is stored in a database? A Transaction.
DBMS Subsystem for Backup and Recovery
Which database management subsystem is responsible for backup, recovery, security, and performance tuning? Data Administration Subsystem.
Large Electronic Repositories
Which of the following are large electronic repositories of very detailed information? Database.
Real-Time Transaction Processing
Which system allows your organization to gather, process, and update transaction information in real-time? Online Transaction Processing (OLTP).
Database Data Element
Which term refers to a specific piece of data (a column) that is stored in a database file? Attribute.
Data Location Requirement
Which type of application requires that you know the physical location (cell address) of data to reference it? Spreadsheets.
Ensuring Data Quality
Which type of constraint ensures the quality and consistency of information in a relational database? Integrity Constraint.
Relational Database Model
Which type of database model organizes and accesses information according to relationships between tables? Relational Model.
Two-Dimensional Table Database
Which type of database stores data in a series of logically related two-dimensional tables (relations)? Relational Database.
Student ID Example
Your student ID is an example of an: Attribute.
E-Commerce Models and Concepts
Information Delivery: Push vs. Pull
If part of your academic work was to read the Wall Street Journal (information delivered automatically), this is known as: Push technology.
Active Information Seeking
If you were surfing the Web and actively searching for information for your research paper, this is an example of: Pull technology.
Affiliate Programs
If you created links on your personal website to earn commissions, this is part of: Affiliate Programs.
Affiliate Relationship Example
If you were on the Dell site purchasing a computer and Dell provided you a link to a partner site, this is an example of an: Affiliate relationship.
Mobile Commerce Definition
Purchasing a song from iTunes using your new cell phone is an example of: M-Commerce (Mobile Commerce).
Business-to-Business (B2B)
If your company sold widgets to the automobile industry, this is the: B2B e-commerce model.
Government-to-Citizen (G2C)
The G2C e-commerce model involves interactions like citizens filing income tax.
Click-and-Mortar Definition
What does “click-and-mortar” refer to? An organization that has both a physical retail presence and an online presence.
Pure Play Definition
What does “click-and-order” or “pure play” refer to? Organizations that only have a virtual presence (online).
Digital Wallet
What financial tool contains both security software and user information for online transactions? A Digital Wallet.
Reverse Auction vs. Mass Customization
What is the difference between a reverse auction and mass customization? A Reverse Auction is a procurement method often found in B2B, where buyers post needs and sellers bid down the price, whereas mass customization allows customers to tailor products.
Major Difference Between B2B and B2C
What is the major difference between B2B and B2C e-commerce? The B2B marketplace typically involves higher transaction volumes, complex negotiations, and does not involve the final consumer.
Buyer-Initiated Bidding Process
What is the process in which a buyer posts its interests in buying a product or service, and suppliers compete to offer the lowest price? Reverse Auction.
Viral Marketing
What is viral marketing? A marketing campaign that persuades consumers to pass along marketing messages to others, often electronically.
Government-to-Business (G2B)
When a government agency conducts transactions with businesses, this is the: G2B model.
Consumer Purchase Model
When you purchase your books online, what type of e-commerce model is this? B2C (Business-to-Consumer).
Most Lucrative E-Commerce Model
Which e-commerce model has proven to be the most lucrative model globally? B2B.
Smallest E-Commerce Model
Which of the following e-commerce models is typically very small in volume compared to others? C2G (Consumer-to-Government).
Secure Connection Tool
Which computer tool creates a secure and private connection between a client and a server over the internet? Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).
Public Key Encryption
Which scrambling technique provides you with two keys: a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption? Public Key Encryption.
Demand Aggregation
Which term best describes the banding together of businesses to purchase goods or services at a lower price? Demand Aggregation.
C2C Intermediary Requirement
Which type of e-commerce model typically requires the use of an intermediary (like eBay)? C2C (Consumer-to-Consumer).
Data Analysis and Business Intelligence
Mass Customization in Auto Industry
The auto industry is currently creating customer websites that allow users to build customized vehicles, an example of: Mass Customization.
Application for Competitor Analysis
What application enables your organization to analyze competitors, customers, and market trends? Business Intelligence (BI).
Multidimensional Data Warehouse
What does it mean for a data warehouse to be multidimensional? The files stored in the warehouse are organized by multiple dimensions (e.g., time, location, product).
Data Warehouse Definition
What is a data warehouse? A logical collection of information gathered from different operational databases to support business analysis.
Objective of Business Intelligence
What is the objective of Business Intelligence (BI)? To provide timely and quality information to support decision-making.
Data Manipulation and Analysis
Which application supports the manipulation and analysis of complex data from a data warehouse? Online Analytical Processing (OLAP).
Data Mart Definition
Which of the following contains a subset of data from a data warehouse, focused on a specific business function or subject area? Data Mart.
Defining Mass Customization
Which term best describes the ability of an organization to give its customers exactly what they want, often by allowing them to configure products? Mass Customization.