English Vocabulary and Grammar: Technology, Body, Sleep, Future

Posted on Jan 13, 2025 in English

Technology

  • Back up: Copia de seguridad
  • Broadband: Banda ancha
  • Browse: Navegar
  • Chip: Chip
  • Device: Dispositivo
  • Download: Descargar
  • Driverless: Coche automático
  • Drone: Dron
  • Gadget: Artilugio
  • Hand-held: De mano
  • High-tech: Alta tecnología
  • Upload: Subir
  • Wirelessly: Inalámbrico

Words

  • Afford: Permitirse
  • Affordable: Asequible
  • Unaffordable: Inasequible
  • Develop: Desarrollar
  • Developer: Desarrollador
  • Development: Desarrollo
  • Developing: En desarrollo
  • Enable: Habilitar
  • Ability: Habilidad
  • Able: Capaz
  • Unable: Incapaz
  • Game: Juego
  • Gamer: Jugador
  • Gaming: Jugar
  • Invent: Inventar
  • Inventor: Inventor
  • Invention: Invención
  • Inventive: Inventivo
  • Perform: Realizar
  • Performer: Intérprete
  • Performance: Interpretación
  • Reality: Realidad
  • Real: Real
  • Realistic: Realista

Adjectives

  • Appealing: Atractivo
  • Bizarre: Extraño
  • Compact: Compacto
  • Digital: Digital
  • Handy: Práctico
  • Innovative: Innovador
  • Portable: Portátil
  • Practical: Práctico
  • Quirky: Curioso
  • Slimline: Delgado
  • Stylish: Elegante
  • Trendy: De moda
  • Up-to-date: Actualizado
  • User-friendly: Fácil de usar
  • Versatile: Versátil
  • Wearable: Ponible

False Friends

  • Actually: En realidad
  • Assist: Ayudar
  • Attend: Asistir
  • Brave: Valiente
  • Eventually: Eventualmente

Body

  • Belly button: Ombligo
  • Blood vessel: Vaso sanguíneo
  • Brain cell: Célula cerebral
  • Calf: Gemelos
  • Cheek: Mejilla
  • Chin: Mentón
  • Eyebrow: Ceja
  • Eyelash: Pestaña
  • Fingernail: Uña
  • Forehead: Frente
  • Hairline: Entradas
  • Heart: Corazón
  • Lung: Pulmones
  • Muscle: Músculo
  • Thigh: Muslo

Verbs

  • Cheer up: Animar
  • Cope with: Hacer frente
  • Get by: Salir adelante
  • Go ahead: Adelante
  • Pay off: Pagar
  • Pick out: Escoger
  • Soak up: Empaparse
  • Switch off: Apagar
  • Work out: Hacer ejercicio

Sleep

  • Doze off: Quedarse dormido
  • Drop off to sleep: Irse a dormir
  • Fast asleep: Profundamente dormido
  • Rest: Descansar
  • Sleep deprivation: Privación de sueño
  • Sleep pattern: Patrón del sueño
  • Sleepy: Tiene sueño
  • Snore: Roncar
  • Take a nap: Hacer la siesta
  • Unconscious: Inconsciente
  • Wide awake: Bien despierto
  • Zone out: Desconectado

False Friends

  • Cardboard: Cartón
  • Carpet: Alfombra
  • Cartoon: Dibujos
  • Folder: Carpeta

Future

Will (Subject + Will + Infinitive)

  • + I will help you
  • – I won’t help you
  • ? Will I help you?
  • Yes, I will / No, I won’t

Be going to (Subject + Is/Are + Going to + Infinitive)

  • + It’s going to rain
  • – It is not going to rain
  • ? Is it going to rain?
  • Yes, it is / No, it isn’t

Present Simple (Subject + Verb Infinitive/s)

  • + The train arrives at 10 a.m.
  • – The train doesn’t arrive at 10 a.m.
  • ? Does the train arrive at 10?
  • Yes, it does / No, it doesn’t

Present Continuous (Subject + Is/Are + Verb-ing)

  • + She is flying to London tomorrow.
  • – She isn’t flying to London tomorrow.
  • ? Is she flying to London tomorrow?
  • Yes, she is / No, she isn’t

Future Continuous (Subject + Will be + -ing)

  • + You will be playing
  • – You won’t be playing
  • ? Will you be playing?
  • Yes, I will / No, I won’t

Modal Verbs

Ability

  • Can: I can play tennis
  • Could: I could play tennis when I was young
  • Be able to: I’m able to drink two cups of tea

Permission

  • Can: Students can travel by bus
  • Could: They could go with us
  • May: May I take your pencil?

Advice

  • Should: I should do my homework
  • Ought to: You ought to do your homework

Obligation

  • Must: You must be in the house at nine
  • Have to: You have to stop eating

Lack of Obligation

  • Don’t have to: You don’t have to go to the gym
  • Needn’t: You needn’t play

Prohibition

  • Can’t: You can’t eat in the pool
  • Mustn’t: You mustn’t use the mobile phone in class

Possibility

  • Could, may, might: I may/could/might need glasses

Certainty

  • Must: They must be twins, they are identical (cosas reales)
  • Can’t: They can’t be sisters, they’re very different (cosas imposibles)

Modal Perfects

Deduction (Past) (Have + Past Participle)

  • Must have: Julia must have studied. She’s got a 10

Regret (Lamentar) (Have + Past Participle)

  • Should have: He should have studied for the exam

Necessity

  • Needn’t have: We didn’t need to bring the phone / You needn’t have drunk