DNA, Evolution, and Genetics: Key Discoveries & Scientists
Key Discoveries in DNA, Evolution, and Genetics
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique, developed by Mullis, generates DNA copies.
Genetic Modification Techniques
- Recombinant DNA
- The Human Genome Project
Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics is used to analyze the human genome and understand evolution.
Stratigraphy and Ecology
Stratigraphy studies soil horizons, while ecology explores organism-environment relationships.
Early Theories of Life
- Aristotle: Proposed the scala naturae, a classification of organisms.
- Linnaeus: Established the binomial system of nomenclature.
- Buffon: Suggested species originated from other species.
Evolutionary Thought
- Darwin: Proposed adaptation to environmental conditions as a driver of change.
- The idea of inheritance of acquired characteristics is associated with Lamarck, not Bismarck.
The disappearance of snake legs or ant teeth is not a valid argument.
Darwin studied 2 groups of finches on the Galapagos Islands.
Malthus‘s variables on populations are food and individuals.
Pearl chains vary in the number of pearls aligned.
The chronological order of DNA researchers is: Miescher, Levene, Hershey, and Chase.
Recombination is the formation of new DNA molecules, not daughter molecules.
mRNA does not represent 65-75% of the cytoplasm.
The solenoid DNA nucleosome does not consist of 8 each 146 nucleotides.
Mitosis involves both cariokinesis and cytokinesis.
In Anaphase, chromosomes are at the cell poles.
Darwin studied rheas, sloths, and armadillos in South America.
Russell Wallace and Darwin were research scientists.
John Stevens Henslow was a botanist.
Richard Owen described Darwin’s fossils.
Camels, llamas, and alpacas are related to the extinct macrauchemia.
John Gould, an ornithologist, identified Darwin’s finches and mockingbirds.
The union of Darwinism and genetics is called the modern synthesis.
Darwin visited El Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, Montevideo, Valparaiso, Callao, and Buenos Aires.
Cuvier’s Megatherium fossil was a giant sloth.
Darwin was a naturalist on the Beagle voyage.
The three domains of life are: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Darwin sent approximately 5436 specimens to London.
Hippocrates proposed that seeds are produced throughout the body.
Aristotle believed male semen was composed of imperfectly mixed ingredients.
Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe living spermatozoa.
Maupertuis suggested both parents contribute particulate matter, with one being dominant.
Genetics is used in agriculture to study gene exchange for disease resistance.