Decree of October 1, 1823: Fernando VII and Absolutist Restoration
Decree of October 1, 1823: Classification
The document is the decree of October 1, 1823, issued by Fernando VII in the Gaceta de Madrid. This text is a legal and political document.
Historical Context
The text is framed within the reign of Fernando VII, specifically referring to the Constitutional Triennium. Fernando VII’s return to Spain in 1814 led to the absolutist restoration. This period was characterized by systematic repression against liberals, forcing them underground and leading to the emergence of manifestos as a form of political struggle.
These efforts were spearheaded by Riego’s triumph on April 1, 1820, with the proclamation of the Constitution of 1812 in Cabezas de San Juan. This marked the beginning of a new constitutional period, the Triennium, which lasted until 1823. It was characterized by a return to liberalism and the implementation of measures from the Cortes of Cadiz.
Supporters of absolutism opposed the liberal regime. With the backing of Fernando VII, they engaged in conspiracies and sought support from the Holy Alliance, which decided to intervene by sending an army in 1823, the Hundred Thousand Sons of St. Louis, under the Duke of Angoulême. The invasion of the Hundred Thousand Sons of St. Louis ended the new constitutional system, leading to a new period of absolute rule known as the Ominous Decade.
Analysis
Main Idea
The main idea, reflected in “(…) are null and void and of no value (…) by the same government (…) “, signifies the cancellation of the entire piece of legislation and all proceedings of the constitutional term. This declaration of invalidity is justified by the alleged kidnapping of a person and royal will.
Secondary Ideas
The secondary ideas include the presentation of the absolutist restoration as a result of popular support (“cry of the subjects”) and (“armed bodies were formed to struggle with Soldiers of the Constitution”), as well as the assistance from European absolutist powers due to the fear that the revolution would spread to other countries: “(…) I walked to upset all the Thrones and changing them all the old institutions and irreligion immorality.”
Decree of October 1, 1823: Classification
The document is the decree of October 1, 1823, issued by Fernando VII in the Gaceta de Madrid. It is a legal-political text.
Historical Context
The text is framed in the reign of Fernando VII and to place it will be referred to the Constitutional Triennium. The return to Spain of Fernando VII in 1814 led to the absolutist restoration. This stage is characterized by the systematic repression against liberals, condemning them to the underground and with it the appearance of statements as a form of political struggle. Of all of them were headed by Irrigation succeed the April 1, 1820 with the proclamation in Cabezas de San Juan, of the Constitution of 1812. It opens with him a new constitutional period Triennium that lasted until 1823, characterized by a return to liberalism and the implementation of the measures of the Cortes of Cadiz.
Supporters of absolutism opposed the liberal regime. With the support of Ferdinand VII, were involved in conspiracies and sought the support of the Holy Alliance, which decided to intervene by sending an army in 1823, the Hundred Thousand Sons of St. Louis, under the Duke of Angouleme. The invasion of the Hundred Thousand Sons of St. Louis finished with the new constitutional system thus leading to a new period of absolute rule, known as the ominous decade.
Analysis
Main Idea
The main idea, reflected in “(…) are null and void and of no value (…) by the government (…)” means the cancellation of the entire piece of legislation and of all proceedings of the constitutional term. This declaration of invalidity is warranted for the alleged kidnapping of a person and will regia.
Secondary Ideas
The secondary ideas are the presentation of absolutist restoration as a result of popular support (“cry of the subjects”) (“armed bodies were formed struggle with the soldiers of the Constitution) and the help of Europe absolute power for fear of spreading the revolution to other countries (“(…) I walked to overturn all thrones and all the old institutions and changing them into irreligion in immorality