Construction Project Management Guide
1. What is a project?
The set of documents and drawings is to prove, define, condition and value all elements and parts of a work in sufficient detail so that another coach on the same level but different from the author of the project may lead to the same works concerned.
Full 2.Obras: concepts and classification
Is the project that once completed, is capable of being delivered to the public or the department concerned. They are classified into:
–
Works by first setting are those that create a property or change the shape of the ground or subsoil.
–
Refurbishment:
modify, extend or enhance an existing work.
–
Works great repair:
fix the damage to a property from accidental causes involving resistant structure.
–
Repair works simple:
fix the damage to a property from accidental causes but do not affect resistant structure.
–
Conservation works and maintenance:
fix the damage to a property by the passage of time, by the natural use of the property.
–
Works of demolition:
to overthrow and destroy an existing work.
3.Documentos of a project. Mission each
Document # 1 – Memory:
is to prove the work in its legal aspects, administrative, technical and economic and should expose and present the project.
Document # 2 – Plans:
is to define the work as a whole and in each and every one of its parts.
Document No 3 – Notification of special technical requirements (PPTP)
is to condition the works for setting the conditions to be met by the materials, conditions of execution of work units and establishes how to measure and pay those units.
Document # 4 – Budget:
aims to assess the works.
4.Indicar contract documents for a project and explain the meaning of the contract
The contract documents are:
“Document # 2 – Plans, but measuring levels of Cu.
“Document # 3 – PPTP.
-Document # 4 – Budget, only the pricing chart No 1 and No 2
Contract means binding on the parties, on the one hand and administration on the other hand the company the company responsible for the execution of the work.
5.
Memory. Parties which is divided and a brief statement defining each
Memory is the No.1 document of the project, which aims to justify the work in its legal aspects, administrative, technical and economic as well as introduce and present the project. It is divided into two parts:
-Descriptive report: expository character, introduces the reader and coordinates sections constituting the other documents.
“Justification report (attached memory), information value and justification, are:
uDate Departure: constraints imposed by the property, the legal framework and environment that surrounds the work.
üAnejo calculation: A set of studies and calculations required for sizing the various elements of the work.
üAnejo price justification: it represents the composition of manpower, machinery and materials as well as indirect costs for the actual execution price of each of the units of work.
üPrograma work: included in projects whose budget exceeds 20 million. Program of the possible development of work-time and optimal cost.
üOtros appendages: annexed needed depending on the nature and needs of the project are: a study of rates, expropriation, affected services, health and safety, testing …
6.Unidad force. Concept
It is an elementary part of the work itself, which signifies a particular action (labor, machinery) generally for the implementation of certain elements in works that have the character of materials. Action should be reflected in the execution of a particular part of the work.
7.Diferencia between direct cost and indirect cost. Items which is raised each
Direct costs:
are those corresponding to the different elements involved in implementing each of the units of work (labor, machinery, materials).
Indirect costs:
are those arising from the execution of the work but not attributable to a particular work unit (facilities, salaries, contingencies). It is calculated based on the coefficients K1 and K2 where K = K1 + K2 where K is the ratio of indirect costs to implement.
K1 = coefficient due to the work facilities, offices, workshops and so on. K1 = (CI / CD) x 100
K2 = the% quantified by management for different types of work (3% shipping, 2% river, 1% terrestrial).
8.Procedimientos that can be used to determine the hourly cost of labor and factors that shape it
The hourly cost is obtained from tables by category of wage labor and the number of hours worked per year which is established in the work schedule earlier this year. It consists of:
-Annual salary: The amount received by the worker not subject to trading. (1)
-Base price: quantities subject to trading.
-Rates: amounts deducted by the employer as a quotation. (3)
The total annual amount is the sum of 1 + 3
9.Factores that influence the calculation of the efficiency of a machine and method of quantification of them
They are: terrain, unit volume of work to be executed, atmospheric impacts, degree of coupling to the block. This is quantified based on the experience of previous projects, databases offered by specialist publications or statistical data drawn from observation of reality.
10.Factores that are necessary to take into account when calculating the price of materials for a project
The purchase price to the origin must add the costs of loading, unloading and transport, plus a share of the losses, breakage or wastage of material.
11.Precio Unit. Concept
It is the actual execution price of each unit of work. These prices are those that become part of the price tables of document No. 4 P = CD + CI.
12.Programa work. Since it is obligatory to budget according to the ICE and minimal elements are defined therein
The regulation requires that for construction projects budgets exceeding 20 million peseta a program should include the possible development of work-time and optimal costs.
13.Objetivos of the boxes and covers
They are the card of the plan highlighting the contents and key features of the plane in question.
14.Enumera different levels of work possible
–
Map of location.
-Map definition.
-Map detail.
-Plane measurements and cubed.
15.Recomendaciones on the folding and presentation of plans
We recommend folding of the written sheets of A4 paper. The lower right (box), must be always seen, sometimes requires the presentation of the entire project in A3 format. The plans must be listed in a logical order. There will be an index levels.
16.Indicar that planes are needed to define the earthmoving and the firm of a road, indicating the scale used for the same and what would be the standard format of presentation.
-Plan general definition: longitudinal profile.
Scale: Horizontal 1 / 2000 1 / 50
Vertical 1 / 2000 1 / 50
-Plans or measurements cubicaciones
Scale: 1 / 2000 1 / 50
17.Documento No 4. Budget
Its object is to assess the works to provide an idea of what it will cost and provide a basis for competition. It is divided into:
·
Measurements:
transactions to measure all work units that make up the work.
·
Pricing Chart:
lists the prices adopted for the different units of work. System is made by the unit price and the prices that appear in these tables are fixed and are listed in:
oC.P. No. 1 sets the execution price of the material units of work expressed in letters and numbers.
oC.P. 2: presents the decomposed price for the payment of incomplete work units.
·
Budget:
explains what is going to cost and future work includes:
Implementing oPresupuesto material: is obtained by multiplying the measurements of each unit of work by the price for CP 1 and adding to these corresponding to the items raised, if any. Its purpose is to obtain the total amount of works.
Contractual enforcement oPresupuesto: collects it costs to produce the construction company in connection with the execution of work (overheads, tax) and the industrial benefit both are a% of BI and overheads. In this we apply the IGIC and obtain the PEC
oPresupuesto total or knowledge of government: budget of a private nature, used by colleges to determine the amount of hours and the quality of the host contract.
18.Simplificaciones you can make measurements of the works
–
Deductions for voids.
-Increases by ties, trimmings, overlaps, cuts, etc..
-Compensation not deducted holes to fill the more work and cost required for auctions of these holes.
-Using auxiliary measurements.
-Grouping work units are alike.
Applicable 19.Normas force measurements
–
Official Rules: based on what the specifications provide general technical requirements in force.
Guild-Rules: based on the customs of the various trades.
-Law and Rules: based on the provisions of the contract between the ownership of the work and the construction company.
20.Objetivo of price tables 1 and 2
Lists the prices adopted for the different units of work:
CP 1 sets out the actual execution prices of the units of work.
COP 2 COP prices decomposes 1 in order to pay the incomplete units.
21. Marketing budgets
Budget for physical implementation.
Budget contractual performance.
Total Budget or knowledge management.
22.Precio contradictory. Concept
The price is changed in relation to the project and established between the property and the builder.
23.Apartado or chapter in which budgets are structured safety studies
The estimated budget of this investigation must be part of the project budget and established between the property and the builder.
24.Coeficientes budget for contractual performance. What is and what their percentages
% Of overall spending and includes the costs that occur outside the area of the site. Their rates are between 13% and 17% of the PEM EL% industrial profit is 6% of PEM
25.Pliego of special technical requirements. Purpose and parts that usually divided, indicating the purpose of each.
THE PPTP aims to condition the projected work. Set the conditions to be met by the materials and conditions of implementation of various work units, define the tests and trials, establishes how to measure and pay the construction units. It is divided into:
·
Provisions and rules:
You must collect the different provisions, rules, instructions and specifications on the project.
·
Work Description:
brief description of the works done by the designer, indicating qualities and materials provided in each case and the basic dimensions of the elements of work.
Conditions to be satisfied·
Materials:
to establish the conditions to be met by materials and facilities.
·
Conditions for performance of work units:
specifies how they have implemented various work units.
·
Trials and testing:
detail of the tests mandatory for the acceptance of materials and units of work once performed.
·
Measurement and payment of work-lists the actions involved in executing each work unit and determine how to measure the units of work performed, to effect payment of these benefits.
·
Terms:
contains the general conditions deemed necessary to establish and legislation are not contained.
26.Pliego administrative clauses
Establishes economic conditions, it leads the project, but the administration is performed once made the project and when we proceed to the tender.
27.Partidas raised. Concepts and classes
Values are parts of a work can not be assessed decomposing in units of work as is done with the other parts of the work.
·
Raised to justify Item:
those items which at the time of writing the proposal are measures that can be broken down into units of work, but if you are after completion of the work involved.
Items raised fertilizer·
Full:
ancillary actions in the play, where not interested in the study in detail the cost of its elemental parts, shall be paid to the contractor merely by running them.
28.Designar 7 paragraphs to be included in the contents of the specification of the project
–
Background and purpose of the project.
-Location of the work.
-Description of the work environment.
Description and justification of the solution.
-Deadline for execution of works.
Contractor-rating.
-Review of prices.
-Budgets.
-Conditions of execution.
29.Descripción the work environment
It refers to all aspects of information gathering and previous studies which conducted the project as a starting point for determining the appropriate solution.
30.Plazo that the contractor is obliged to submit the program of work and parts it should contain
One month from the beginning of the play, is a thorough study of the actual means that the builder provides and must comply with the execution time specified in the contract.
31.Revisión prices. Explain the composition
You must specify whether or not the project carries price review, if so, you must indicate which is the formula for review and if it does not explain why. The formulas set by the designer, are not contractual, but if you have the price revision formula set by the administration in the contract documents private.
32.Documento in fixing the level of the contractor to bid for a play
The descriptive report.
33.Documentos must be signed by the author of the project
The specification, drawings, PPTP, the price tables 1 and 2 and the budget.
34.Diferencia between the study and a safety plan
The health and safety study is to investigate the possibility of accidents resulting from the implementation of the work units and to seek solutions in order to avoid them. It is prepared by the designer.
The security plan implements the provisions contained in the study and is presented by the designer.
35.Circunstancias that influence the construction sector is the highest rate of accidents that occur
The very dangerous work, the temporary and insufficient training of workers, poor binding and complex relationship between employees and employers.
36.Apartados or chapters that are structured in the budgets of the security studies
oMemoria:
-Characteristics of the work.
-Analysis of potential risks.
“Preventive measures.
– Training, preventive medicine and first aid.
“Health and welfare facilities.
OPLAN:
“In situation.
“Collective protection.
oPliego conditions:
-Conditions of the measures to take.
“Health and welfare facilities.
oPresupuesto:
-Measurements.
-Box prices.
-Budgets.
37.Caso that is required in the drafting of a study of health and safety when
–
The duration of the work exceeds 30 days.
She finds working more than 20 workers at a time.
“The volume of labor, understood as such, the sum of workdays of the cost of workers in the work exceeds 500 days.
“In works of tunnels, galleries, dams and underground conduits.
“When the ministry he sees fit.
38.Movimientos land. Units
The units of measure depend on the characteristics of the item judged, but typically is used m 3, in some cases, the small thickness of earthwork to be performed, allows to measure it in m 2 (clearing, cleaning) and the linear m excavated trenches.
39.Clases cube procedures for earthworks and the use of each
–
For prisms:
when land is polygonal, has a size comparable in length and width.
–
For cross-sections:
when the development work has great length and small width.
–
Per cubic horizontal sections:
When clearing or earthwork or mound-shaped ditch.
40.Clases measurements. What are and where they differ
The measurements on a construction site are for work actually performed and are the basis for payment of works. Are performed on data taken directly from the field, plans or drawings of the project work for the parties executed in full agreement with it.
The measurements in the project, are the for works within a project and are a basis for obtaining the budget. Levels are performed on the project.
41.Factores that influence the valuation of earthmoving
–
Characteristics of terrain.
-Dimensions of the excavation.
-Distance transport.
-Media to be used.
-The existence of water or moisture.
-Weather conditions.
42.Diferencia between clearing excavation, grading, and pouring
The excavation in clearing and grading, is the set of operations necessary for leveling and clearing the land to the elevation of the ground, while the discharge has the peculiarity that the elevation of the land is below the surrounding terrain in all its extension.
43.Terraplén. Concept. Machinery for implementation. Measurement and payment
It is the land and compaction from excavations on loan until reaching the elevation of the ground. The machinery used is as follows:
–
Motor grader and dozer:
for cleaning and clearing the land.
–
Dozer, scraper and grader:
to spread the material.
–
Water Cuba:
for humidifying.
–
Roller goat leg, bulldozer, compactor tires and vibrating elements:
for scavenging.
The measurement and payment is made in m3 actually executed, as measured by the difference between initial and final data, taken before and after performing the work. In the project, the measurement is carried on planes, measured in the embankment work actually carried out using cross sections that collect reality.
44.Contrato force
Are those for the construction of a nature or property, work to modify the form or substance of the soil or subsoil and the reforms, repairs, maintenance or demolition of the above.
45.Actuaciones prior to the award
Preparation, processing and reappraisal of the project and processing and settlement of the tender dossier.
46.Expediente recruitment
The set of actions preparatory to a contract award derived from it.
47th purposes of developing a project, works are classified as:
–
Works by first setting are those that create a property or change the form or substance of the ground or subsoil.
–
Refurbishment:
reshape, modify, extend or enhance an existing work.
–
Works great repair:
fix the damage to a property from accidental causes, which do not affect resistant structure.
–
Conservation works and maintenance:
fix the damage to a property by the passage of time, by the natural use of the property.
–
Works of demolition:
they serve to break down and destroy an existing work.
48. Is there any difference between the redesign of the work and testing the stakeout?
If, in reframing the project after approving the same and prior to processing the case will be recruited to conduct the redesign of the work, which consists of checking the geometric reality of it and the availability of land for execution, while checking the redesign is to confront the redesign field previously made by management prior to the bidding of viability there shall be deducted or not to execute the work in the opinion of both parties as well as land and services affected and the possibility of normal development of the contract.
49.Documentos prescriptive of the tender dossier
After completing the redesign of the project before approval is the beginning of the tender dossier, which must contain:
-Report project supervision office.
-Minutes of rethink.
-Certificate of the existence of credit.
-Control of spending.
“Particular administrative clauses.
50. List the points that must be included in contract documents private
–
Definition of the object of contract.
Budget.
Constancia express the existence of credit.
Term-time total and partial implementation.
-Specific rights and obligations of the parties.
-Special causes of termination of the contract.
-Administrative Penalties.
“Warranty period.
-Price revision clause.
-Clause or requirement that can be modified.
-Form of contract award.
-Classification of contractors.
-Guarantees.
-Submission to the PLCAP and general contract documents.
“Any clause to be applied.
51.Clases procurement records in connection with processing and description of each
The processing can be of three types:
a) handling routine:
one whose various phases of the procedure follows the rules of general application is one that meets the deadlines set by law.
b)
Processing urgent recruitment’s file is declared urgent by the recruitment agency and are urgent contract implementation or need to accelerate public interest grounds. The emergency declaration includes:
-Preference in the release of records by the various organs (5 days to issue reports)
“The halving of the deadlines set in the LCAP (law of public administration contracts) for the procurement and award of the work and for the submission of tenders or requests.
“The administration may decide to start the award but has not yet been formalized.
“The performance of the contract (time of commencement of the work) will commence within a maximum period of two months from the date of award.
c)
Handling of emergency
When the administration has to act immediately because of catastrophic event, situations of grave danger or needs that affect national security. The LCAP allows the implementation to be agreed as necessary to remedy the emergency situation without having to comply with any formal requirements. Executed actions are completed the necessary procedures for the control and approval of expenditures.
52. In what circumstances may proceed to the seizure of provisional and definitive bonds?
Bail is the legal document for the contractor to come to its bid, assuring the ability to implement business aspirants.
There are two types of finance:
A.
Provisional Deposit:
is seized if the contract is terminated before it is awarded, this occurs if:
-Does not meet the deadlines set by the contractor from the date of notification of award, these are:
U15 working days to form the final bond.
U30 working days to formalize the contract.
B.
Final Deposit:
seizes on whether to proceed to the resolution of contract, breach by the contractor, bankruptcy and insolvency in the case that it was fraudulent.
53.Garantías, concepts and classes
It is a condition to go to bids for government works, establish the following constitution of a guarantee, which ensures the implementation capacity of aspiring companies.
–
Provisional:
they need to go to the bidding of the work, equivalent to 2% of the budget base for competition, may be deposited in cash, government bond or by guarantee. The guarantee by the successful tenderer will be retained until finalization of the contract. This guarantee will be returned to contractors that have been awarded the work. The contractor which has been awarded, must be within 15 days and the final guarantee within 30 to sign the contract. If once awarded the work, the contractor will be forfeited the provisional bond due to its high ranking.
–
Definitive:
what are the tenders for works contracts of public administrations, is 4% of the budget base for competition (competition) or on the auction price should be set up in 15 working days after the notification of the award of the work. Once approved, the settlement of the contract, and after the warranty period, the amount will be refunded.
–
Collateral:
the 6% of base budget for competition, is constituted as final in the event that the work is of particular importance.
–
Full warranty:
is 100% of the budget and establishing whether the award has been for auction, with the contractor the contractor whose budget is a presumption of recklessness. If time has passed and it is found that there is no recklessness, then returned and is the definitive bond (4%)
–
Comprehensive guarantee:
shall be 4% with reference to all contracts that the company has with the administration (eg Development)
54. Who can be classified as contractors for state work and that is what sets or determines that classification? Classification of contractors for works of the state, existing categories and amount of each.
You can sort all those Spanish companies or foreign (countries of the European economic community), firms from countries not members must meet the requirement of reciprocity, to be entered in the register and have an open branch in Spain.
The classification serves to ensure the fitness or technical and economic capacity to cope with the implementation of a contract of a certain size.
To contract with the state’s execution of works budget should be less than 60,101.42 € 120,202.42 € or in case of consultancy and support contract, service or specific and concrete work are unusual. Will be required that the contractor has previously obtained this classification.
The classification of companies will take into account:
–
Economic and financial:
it is justified by reports of financial institutions filing balance sheet and statement of overall turnover and the works and supplies for the past 3 years.
–
Technical capacity:
is justified by contribution and accreditation of academic qualifications and experience, presenting recruitment in the area in which it seeks the classification made in the last 5 years, also by the description of the technical team who has the provision, private means of study and research.
The existing categories are fixed according to the maximum annual amount that the contractor has executed over the past 5 years, works for subgroup.
The classification is embodied in some groups and subgroups, with largely technical and so-called categories that reflected the economic volume of work to run annually.
CATEGORÍASANUALIDAD Mediae <10MB10-20MC20-60MD60-140ME140-400MF> 400M
55. What shall document the status of the contractor, to bid for a play (ranking records)?
In the Statement of Administrative Terms (PCAP:).
56.Licitación force. Procedures for the award of contracts. Methods of procurement. Documentation to be provided by tenderers.
The award of contracts for the work of the state are:
–
Open procedure:
all interested contractors may submit a proposal.
–
Restricted procedure:
only those entrepreneurs selected may be submitted in advance by the Board after their request.
–
Negotiated procedure:
the administration awarded the contract to the employer submitting the best offer after negotiation and consultation on the terms of the contract with one or more employers.
The forms of awards possible in the above procedures are:
–
Auction:
awarded to the bidder offering the lowest price, not to exceed that rate.
–
Contest for the fall in the tender award, in its contract submits the most advantageous, taking into account the criteria have been established in the specifications, such as price, formula review, the execution time, the quality …
The documentation to be provided by tenderers:
“The certifying the legal status of the employer.
“Those that authorize the contractor classification.
“The signed declaration of not being caught by hiring ban.
-Reservation certifying provisional guarantee.
“The documents substantiating being up to date compliance with tax obligations and social security.
57.Procedimiento business
The administration awarded the contract to the employer who has the best offer after negotiation and consultation on the terms of the contract with each one or more employers.
Only selected entrepreneurs present proposals by the Administration request in response to the invitation of the administration may be applied to auction and tender. The contracting authority should extend invitations to participate in the proceeding, No business will be inviting more than 5 and less than 20.
58.Proposición stakeholders
Tenderers must submit financial statements within the prescribed period in the LCAP for each type of procedure.
59.Diferencia between open and restricted tender
In both follow the same procedure, we present the same documents and is awarded to the lowest tender, the difference is that the open auction all employers (contractors) may submit a nomination and in the restricted auction can only submit proposals those entrepreneurs selected by the Board after their request in response to the invitation of the administration.
60. Under what circumstances can claim a work through the tender system in which competition and maximum award should be made of it?
Circumstances: when the award is made to the proposition that as a whole is more advantageous in several or all the criteria, not only economically, here’s how:
“The price has not been defined, based on a preliminary draft of the administration. Ends or do the project and this is a contest-Work Project.
“Just given the layout, then completed the project as different solutions.
The basic criteria for the award must appear on the statement in descending order of importance and weighting them accordingly.
Contest will be awarded by the following contracts:
“Those whose project or budget could not be established by management.
“When the definition of a provision adopted by the administration is capable of being improved by the tenderers.
“Those for the completion of contracts for which the administration to provide materials and aids which require special guarantees proper use of contractors.
“The jobs that require advanced technologies or their implementation is complex. The deadline for award in the contest is 3 months.
61. In what cases can be applied direct contracting?
The LCAP sets out circumstances in which it is possible to use the negotiated procedure:
–
With “advertising” when the propositions in the open or restricted procedures are irregular or unacceptable, when works are performed solely for research purposes and not to profitability, in exceptional cases when a work is of a nature not permit prior price, the amount is greater than or equal to € 3,976,633.90 in the OJEU notice within 37 or 15 days in an emergency.
–
No advertising:
Technical Specifications, urgency, additional works of the project but more than 20%, secrets and reserved and less than € 30,050.60.
62.Adjudicación provisional and final
Interim award: the Tenders Committee intervenes in the procurement procedure to exercise the function of advising the contracting authority. A table can examine the documentation submitted with applications for recruitment, once described this documentation, open the envelopes containing the proposal, finally, in the light of those deemed necessary technical reports and proposals of the bidders, raise to table a proposal for award. This proposal does not create any rights in favor of the proposed award to be agreed by the contracting authority.
Final award:
the award of the contract for the national recruitment may depart from the proposal of the table provided reasons for its decision. In the case of an auction, the award agreement may only be accepted the proposal on the table:
“When the proposal was made in violation of the law.
“When the offer falls within the low reckless.
In competition, the contracting authority has the power to award the contract to the most advantageous tender without dealing with the economic approach or declare the contest.
63.Plazo award by auction or tender
The deadline for award in the auctions is 20 days from the following bid opening, in the contest, the deadline is 3 months.
64.Formalización the contract
Within 30 days from the day following the notification of award, the contract will be awarded in an administrative document, being a necessary precondition for the successful bidder upon provision of the final guarantee.
65. What previous actions, should be completed before beginning the execution of works?, Description of each
or designation of the construction manager and the delegate of the contractor:
the administration before the date of verification of the stakeout, the physician shall make the designation of the works director, notifying the contractor, the construction manager is the person responsible for checking and monitoring the completion of the work. Moreover, the contractor is obliged to notify the administration within 15 days, his residence or the contractor delegate, delegate means the person appointed directly by the contractor and accepted by management with sufficient capacity to:
· To represent the contractor.
· Organize the execution of the work.
· Interpret and implement the orders received from management.
· Collaborate with site management.
–
Checking the stakeout:
it seeks to confront on the ground, the redesign made previously by the administration prior to the bid. Intervene, and construction administration. Verification of the restatement will be made after finalization of the contract, that may not exceed a month.
66.Actuaciones that can lead to the fact that the result dela rethinking record check does not show the disposition of the land, its suitability and viability of the works.
The contractor had reservations in the record making, beginning the suspension of work until the tribunal’s administration, as it deems appropriate, if the suspension had a final or leave within 6 months without ordering the suspension agreement on this situation, the Contractor shall be entitled to terminate the contract without loss of warranty and to receive 3% of auction price.
67.Libro orders and incidents
Will open at the time of verification of rethinking and close at the reception, during this period, is available to address work, which, determine the directions and orders as it thinks fit.
68.En that period, the contractor is required to submit the work program and that part should contain
Within one month of notification of approval to start work, a work program if it is provided the specific contract documents, shall contain:
-Management at parties or classes of the whole project.
-Determination of the means.
-Assessment and cumulative monthly work schedule.
-Graphs of the various activities and work.
69.Certificación. Concept and classification
It is the legal document certifying the amounts received by the contractor for partial liquidations, the certificates are signed by management and have the status of receipt on account of the work built.
Classes of certificates:
–
Regular Certificate:
Issued under current annuity.
–
Certification Advance:
annuity issued for committed for future years.
–
Certification of balance settlement:
Extended to settle the balance remaining at the end of the work.
–
Certification Complementary:
Applies to price revisions or amendments duly adopted.
–
Simultaneous Certification:
Issued the same one or two normal on the same date after exhaustion of the existing annuity and other annuity charged in advance to the next.
–
Certifications Past:
previously issued.
70. What should be understood the fact that the fertilizers to the contractor resulting from certificates issued during the execution of the work are interim payments to good account?
Fertilizers to the contractor resulting from the certification are those that are paid, but are subject to changes that occur in the final measurement made the delivery of the work and without assuming the approval and acceptance of work.
71.Abono account of materials collected, equipment and facilities
Materials collected:
when there is danger that the materials collected on site not deteriorate or disappear ‘, you can pay the contractor up to 75% of its value, including such item in the monthly valued relationship and taking into account this development to later deduce the total amount of units of work in which such materials are included.
Equipment and facilities:
payments on account can be granted by the machinery and facilities necessary for the execution of the work whenever the contractor and property are to be used in the immediate term.
72.Enumerar type specific incidents that may arise in the development of the work
-Compensation in case of force majeure.
-Missed deadlines.
-Changes in the contracts.
-Adjustments of annuities.
-Suspension of the work.
-Assignment and subcontracting.
-Review of prices.
73.Diferencia between modified and reformed project
The amended draft is due to new requirements or for technical reasons unforeseen at the drafting of the project, the contractor is required to its execution, without any compensation, if not more than 20% of the budget. When the amendment bring the introduction of new construction units must be established for these new prices, if the contractor disagrees with them will be free to execute it.
The project renovated (modification of the work) the unauthorized modification works for the project which serves as the basic responsibility of the contractor is not entitled to payment of these benefits and be bound by its demolition if so ordered, must also compensate for the administration.
74. How do they differ substantially private works contracts of those by the state?
In private contracts are governed by private law not by LCAP, differ mainly in the absence of specific stiffness of administrative contracts and the relationship of equality between the contracting parties under the terms of the contract is that rule, the principle of autonomy.
75. Is there any difference between the redesign of the work and checking stakeout? If there says they are
Rethinking the work of checking the geometric reality of it and the availability of land for the normal execution, an act that makes the administration, while checking the restatement is an act done by the contractor awarded the work after which reflects:
-Geometric nature of the work.
-Authorization for the occupation of the land.
“For every budget that will affect the fulfillment of the contract.
76.Enumerar the various plans of work possible
Work-plan of the designer.
Work-plan administration.
-Contractor’s work plan for the tender.
-Plan works by successful tenderer.
-A part of these plans, the builder usually make a work plan for internal use.
77. What are the rights of the contractor in relation to?:
or occupation of land and monitoring of the work:
The Contractor shall not occupy any land on which he is not locked and the work to receive orders from the direction of the work, the contractor also is responsible for monitoring.
Maintenance and replacement or servitude:
The contractor is obliged to make his elevation to maintain the necessary work during the execution of the work and replace the end of it for the easements.
or goods that appear in the execution of the work:
The contractor is entitled to free use with permission only for the direction and execution of the work, the natural elements are present, if there are works of art, archaeological …, will be owned by administration.
78.Revisión prices
It is the legal act by which the state recognizes the builder (contractor) an increase in contract prices in a work from a certain date, due to the violation that occurs, increased legal motivated by rising prices labor, materials and energy.
Conditions for application:
-Referring to the contract:
or that in the statement of the contract containing the price revision clause and also detailed the formula is revised.
6 months or that have elapsed since the start of the work.
o Not be held in specific contracts.
-Referring to the contractor:
or that the works do not lead to delays for reasons attributable to him.
-Referring to the work:
or that has been certified at least 20% of the budget of the work, this 20% is not entitled to review.
oIf the work is performed based on a modified draft, that means 20% for the new budget.
-Referring to the valuation price:
or that the ratio of the implementation of the corresponding polynomial formula according to the official price indices exceeding 0975 exceeding 1025.
79.Fases where it can take place to terminate the contract
–
Resolution before the conclusion of the contract:
if the successful tenderer for reasons attributable to it, does not meet the conditions required for the execution of the contract, is not within the final guarantee.
-Termination of contract after being formalized caused by:
oLa nonpayment by the administration within 8 months.
oLas changes in the project involving an alteration exceeds 20% of the budget.
oLa suspension of work for periods exceeding 6 months later.
or Death or incapacity of the contractor.
oLa extinction of the legal status of the contractor company.
oLa bankruptcy or insolvency.
oFalta to provide the final guarantee.
80. In what circumstances may proceed to the seizure of provisional and definitive bonds?
–
Interim Deposit:
If the successful tenderer for reasons attributable to it, does not meet the conditions required for the contract or is not within the final guarantee.
–
Final Deposit:
If the contract is terminated because of contractor, the deposit is forfeited. The resolution may be due to:
or that the contractor is in delay for the full term.
oLa Failure to submit the work program.
oFraude or deception.
oLa bankruptcy of the contractor.
oIn the case of suspension of payments.
Ö Where in the reception of works have not been able to be received.
Ö Where a consortium of contractors, some of them are found in cases of death, termination or bankruptcy.
81.Conclusión the contract schedule and brief description of administrative acts to be performed from provisional acceptance until the cancellation of the contract.
–
Reception:
after the works by the contractor, verified receipt thereof, the reception is a formal act is to verify that the contractor has fulfilled its obligation to deliver his charge to public use or service corresponding rising the corresponding record.
–
Warranty period:
carried the reception of the works, begins the warranty period, it will be established given the complexity of the work during this period is the contractor’s responsibility and police maintenance works. If the play had hidden defects in construction, the contractor liable for damages in the term of 15 years.
–
Payment:
within 6 months from receipt, the contractor should agree for settlement and pay the resulting balance.
–
Return of final guarantee:
approved the settlement of the contract and if there had been no problem.
82.Distintos types of private works contract in terms of valuation and payment
–
Contract work to measure:
unit prices are agreed and by measurement of the work performed and application of these prices we obtain the total property must pay.
–
Contract work to fixed price
The contract has a fixed price, calculated a priori, which commits the contractor to execute the works.
–
Case in which the contractor acts as an intermediary:
the work provides human resources, materials and machinery, a toll of the real costs of ownership.
83.Modificaciones projects and effect thereof
The administration may make changes to the project, if they are due to:
-New requirement.
Causes unforeseen technical-drafting the proposal consists of the documents defining such changes if the change is an increase or decrease the budget must be readjusted to the execution time. If the changes are <20% of the budget, the contractor is required to its execution, whether an increase or decrease in number of units of work to perform, without compensation. If the changes involve the introduction of new units of work, you must set new prices, these prices are made by the administration, if the contractor is not appropriate is free to run these new construction units. If the changes are> 50% of the budget the contractor may request termination of the contract.
84.Enumerar type specific incidents that may arise in the development of a work
–
Compensation in case of force majeure.
“Breach of deadlines and penalties, extensions.
-Modification in the contracts.
-Adjustment of annuities.
-Suspension of works.
-Assignment and subcontracting.
-Review of prices.
85.Causas resolution of a labor contract before finalization
“Do not be the final bond within 15 days.
“Do not execute the contract within 30 days.
“No to the audit of rethinking within 30 days.
86.Causas resolution of a labor contract after its conclusion
-Failure to pay by the administration in 8 months.
-Modifications to the proposed alteration involving> 20% of the budget or involve a substantial alteration of the initial project.
-Suspension of works for a period> 6 months agreed by management.
“Death or incapacity of the individual contractor.
-Declaration of bankruptcy or insolvency.
“Mutual agreement between the government and the contractor.
-Failure to provide final or special bond.
-Other causes.
87.Contratación directly
Contract procurement procedure in which the private property of the contractor awarded the work you choose.
ProyectoAutorizaciónReplanteo
Record monitoring contrataciónInforme
Minutes of rethink
Certificate of good credit
Award
p.Negociado
DesignaciónFirma the contract (30 days) p.Abierto
(Tender) p. Restricted
Director optional
Delegate contrat. (30 days)
Acta check rethinking Mod.Proyecto
Additional Works Home
Paper incidents
Book orders
Residence-contractor
Works
Acta recepciónFinalización obrasEjecución
Possibility of 6 months vices 15 years
Clearance obraDevolución fianzamediciones
Reviews
Certification
88.Principios basic programming
“The deadlines set by the ownership of the work must be done.
“The hired labor must remain as stable as possible not to experience frequent or sudden changes.
“The machinery and auxiliary equipment attached to a work should be exploited to the fullest.
“The resulting program should be clearly understandable.
89.Programación works. Concept and objective
Schedule a work is the work of providing the means and appropriate procedures and allowing for the minimum execution cost or minimal delay.
The programming required to provide a way to execute the work, means and procedures used and the time moment of realizing different activities or jobs.
90.Actuaciones prior to programming
–
Detailed examination of the project and the construction site.
Decomposition of the play-in incremental activities or jobs.
-Analysis of the relationships between the various activities of the work.
-Determining the means and construction procedures to follow.
-Calculation of the duration times of activities.
91.Clasificación works for the purposes of the official program of work of MOPU
Depending on the importance of the work from the standpoint of the budget and the amount of monthly investments, it seems advisable to establish different criteria in developing the program, there are three groups:
–
Group A:
Budget or less or average investment 30.050.60 € 3.005.06 € monthly.
–
Group B:
budget greater than € 30,050.60 and investing less than or equal monthly average € 18,030.36.
–
Group C:
bigger budget and investment of € 30,050.60 monthly average greater than € 18,030.06.
The Group C program should include the following:
-Report explaining the process of carrying out the work with the following points:
osolución given to the traffic problems.
oestudio of the problems caused by expropriation.
odeterminación class of works.
odivisión of the work in installments.
-Determination of the quantities of work: in each activity determine the quantities of work executed in installments.
“Estimation of means: they will build a team for each of the activities, calculating their hourly output useful.
-Duration of activities: estimating the useful performance of each team will fix the duration of each activity, the graphical representation will take place in space-time diagram.
92. What does it mean?:
Dummy activity:
are ancillary activities of the diagram that represent just a connection or interdependence between two nodes and is characterized not consume time, effort, and resources. They are necessary because there is activity that have identical start and end are different and we must differentiate, is represented in dashed and sets time zero.
Critical activity is said that a PERT activity is critical when the total float is zero (zero) in this case its two antecedents and consequent events are also critical. But this does not mean that an activity that joins two critical events do too.
Critical Path:
one in which all component activities have zero total float. There is always at least one critical path, it gives the project duration.
Maximum period is the date by which you can not pass to start the activities that start from a node or event, if passed, not met the scheduled end date.
Minimum:
represents the minimum time before which can not start the activities that start from the (node).
Slack:
we will each activity a total float, a free and independent.
Clearance-total: represents the total possible delay in the commencement of the activity, assuming that all preceding activities start at their earliest moments and all subsequent moments in its later stage.
Clearance-free: it is the possible delay in the onset of activity when the preceding and subsequent activities start at their earliest moments.
Slack-independent: it is the possible delay in the commencement of the activity, ie that the previous activities completed as late as possible and as soon as possible after starting.
Pert 93.El system
It can be applied to any program that can define all the elementary operations needed to develop it fully, using the PERT to the organization of a work, provides among other things, what is the most appropriate way for the time spent is least.
94.Tipos production
–
Production chain:
is that each team carries out various activities successively.
–
Production cyclical:
is that the same team performed the same activity repeatedly in order to apply it must exist in the play similar parts that can be performed in succession.
–
Production in parallel:
is that two or more teams working simultaneously perform the same activity. In order to apply it must exist in the play similar parts that can be made independently.
Basic 95.Elementos
–
Activity:
it is a necessary act to achieve some objective within the scope of a project and characterized by a duration.
–
Incident at the moment that marks the end of activities in the busy and the principle of departing from it.
–
Path:
is a sequence of activities, events can be linked by string, network, or reticulum.
96.Baja reckless Any proposal which exceeds by 10% units below the arithmetic mean of all proposals submitted
1. What is a project?
The set of documents and drawings is to prove, define, condition and value all elements and parts of a work in sufficient detail so that another coach on the same level but different from the author of the project may lead to the same works concerned.
Full 2.Obras: concepts and classification
Is the project that once completed, is capable of being delivered to the public or the department concerned. They are classified into:
–
Works by first setting are those that create a property or change the shape of the ground or subsoil.
–
Refurbishment:
modify, extend or enhance an existing work.
–
Works great repair:
fix the damage to a property from accidental causes involving resistant structure.
–
Repair works simple:
fix the damage to a property from accidental causes but do not affect resistant structure.
–
Conservation and maintenance works
Fix the damage to a property by the passage of time, by the natural use of the property.
–
Works of demolition:
to overthrow and destroy an existing work.
3.Documentos of a project. Mission each
Document # 1 – Memory:
is to prove the work in its legal aspects, administrative, technical and economic and should expose and present the project.
Document # 2 – Plans:
is to define the work as a whole and in each and every one of its parts.
Document No 3 – Notification of special technical requirements (PPTP)
is to condition the works for setting the conditions to be met by the materials, conditions of execution of work units and establishes how to measure and pay those units.
Document # 4 – Budget:
aims to assess the works.
4.Indicar contract documents for a project and explain the meaning of the contract
The contract documents are:
“Document # 2 – Plans, but measuring levels of Cu.
“Document # 3 – PPTP.
-Document # 4 – Budget, only the pricing chart No 1 and No 2
Contract means binding on the parties, on the one hand and administration on the other hand the company the company responsible for the execution of the work.
5.
Memory. Parties which is divided and a brief statement defining each
Memory is the No.1 document of the project, which aims to justify the work in its legal aspects, administrative, technical and economic as well as introduce and present the project. It is divided into two parts:
-Descriptive report: expository character, introduces the reader and coordinates sections constituting the other documents.
“Justification report (attached memory), information value and justification, are:
uDate Departure: constraints imposed by the property, the legal framework and environment that surrounds the work.
üAnejo calculation: A set of studies and calculations required for sizing the various elements of the work.
üAnejo price justification: it represents the composition of manpower, machinery and materials as well as indirect costs for the actual execution price of each of the units of work.
üPrograma work: included in projects whose budget exceeds 20 million. Program of the possible development of work-time and optimal cost.
üOtros appendages: annexed needed depending on the nature and needs of the project are: a study of rates, expropriation, affected services, health and safety, testing …
6.Unidad force. Concept
It is an elementary part of the work itself, which signifies a particular action (labor, machinery) generally for the implementation of certain elements in works that have the character of materials. Action should be reflected in the execution of a particular part of the work.
7.Diferencia between direct cost and indirect cost. Items which is raised each
Direct costs:
are those corresponding to the different elements involved in implementing each of the units of work (labor, machinery, materials).
Indirect costs:
are those arising from the execution of the work but not attributable to a particular work unit (facilities, salaries, contingencies). It is calculated based on the coefficients K1 and K2 where K = K1 + K2 where K is the ratio of indirect costs to implement.
K1 = coefficient due to the work facilities, offices, workshops and so on. K1 = (CI / CD) x 100
K2 = the% quantified by management for different types of work (3% shipping, 2% river, 1% terrestrial).
8.Procedimientos that can be used to determine the hourly cost of labor and factors that shape it
The hourly cost is obtained from tables by category of wage labor and the number of hours worked per year which is established in the work schedule earlier this year. It consists of:
-Annual salary: The amount received by the worker not subject to trading. (1)
-Base price: quantities subject to trading.
-Rates: amounts deducted by the employer as a quotation. (3)
The total annual amount is the sum of 1 + 3
9.Factores that influence the calculation of the efficiency of a machine and method of quantification of them
They are: terrain, unit volume of work to be executed, atmospheric impacts, degree of coupling to the block. This is quantified based on the experience of previous projects, databases offered by specialist publications or statistical data drawn from observation of reality.
10.Factores that are necessary to take into account when calculating the price of materials for a project
The purchase price to the origin must add the costs of loading, unloading and transport, plus a share of the losses, breakage or wastage of material.
11.Precio Unit. Concept
It is the actual execution price of each unit of work. These prices are those that become part of the price tables of document No. 4 P = CD + CI.
12.Programa work. Since it is obligatory to budget according to the ICE and minimal elements are defined therein
The regulation requires that for construction projects budgets exceeding 20 million peseta a program should include the possible development of work-time and optimal costs.
13.Objetivos of the boxes and covers
They are the card of the plan highlighting the contents and key features of the plane in question.
14.Enumera different levels of work possible
–
Map of location.
-Map definition.
-Map detail.
-Plane measurements and cubed.
15.Recomendaciones on the folding and presentation of plans
We recommend folding of the written sheets of A4 paper. The lower right (box), must be always seen, sometimes requires the presentation of the entire project in A3 format. The plans must be listed in a logical order. There will be an index levels.
16.Indicar that planes are needed to define the earthmoving and the firm of a road, indicating the scale used for the same and what would be the standard format of presentation.
-Plan general definition: longitudinal profile.
Scale: Horizontal 1 / 2000 1 / 50
Vertical 1 / 2000 1 / 50
-Plans or measurements cubicaciones
Scale: 1 / 2000 1 / 50
17.Documento No 4. Budget
Its object is to assess the works to provide an idea of what it will cost and provide a basis for competition. It is divided into:
·
Measurements:
transactions to measure all work units that make up the work.
·
Pricing Chart:
lists the prices adopted for the different units of work. System is made by the unit price and the prices that appear in these tables are fixed and are listed in:
oC.P. No. 1 sets the execution price of the material units of work expressed in letters and numbers.
oC.P. 2: presents the decomposed price for the payment of incomplete work units.
·
Budget:
explains what is going to cost and future work includes:
Implementing oPresupuesto material: is obtained by multiplying the measurements of each unit of work by the price for CP 1 and adding to these corresponding to the items raised, if any. Its purpose is to obtain the total amount of works.
Contractual enforcement oPresupuesto: collects it costs to produce the construction company in connection with the execution of work (overheads, tax) and the industrial benefit both are a% of BI and overheads. In this we apply the IGIC and obtain the PEC
oPresupuesto total or knowledge of government: budget of a private nature, used by colleges to determine the amount of hours and the quality of the host contract.
18.Simplificaciones you can make measurements of the works
–
Deductions for voids.
-Increases by ties, trimmings, overlaps, cuts, etc..
-Compensation not deducted holes to fill the more work and cost required for auctions of these holes.
-Using auxiliary measurements.
-Grouping work units are alike.
Applicable 19.Normas force measurements
–
Official Rules: based on what the specifications provide general technical requirements in force.
Guild-Rules: based on the customs of the various trades.
-Law and Rules: based on the provisions of the contract between the ownership of the work and the construction company.
20.Objetivo of price tables 1 and 2
Lists the prices adopted for the different units of work:
CP 1 sets out the actual execution prices of the units of work.
COP 2 COP prices decomposes 1 in order to pay the incomplete units.
21. Marketing budgets
Budget for physical implementation.
Budget contractual performance.
Total Budget or knowledge management.
22.Precio contradictory. Concept
The price is changed in relation to the project and established between the property and the builder.
23.Apartado or chapter in which budgets are structured safety studies
The estimated budget of this investigation must be part of the project budget and established between the property and the builder.
24.Coeficientes budget for contractual performance. What is and what their percentages
% Of overall spending and includes the costs that occur outside the area of the site. Their rates are between 13% and 17% of the PEM EL% industrial profit is 6% of PEM
25.Pliego of special technical requirements. Purpose and parts that usually divided, indicating the purpose of each.
THE PPTP aims to condition the projected work. Set the conditions to be met by the materials and conditions of implementation of various work units, define the tests and trials, establishes how to measure and pay the construction units. It is divided into:
·
Provisions and rules:
You must collect the different provisions, rules, instructions and specifications on the project.
·
Description of works
Brief description of the works done by the designer, indicating qualities and materials provided in each case and the basic dimensions of the elements of work.
Conditions to be satisfied·
Materials:
to establish the conditions to be met by materials and facilities.
·
Conditions for performance of work units:
specifies how they have implemented various work units.
·
Trials and testing:
detail of the tests mandatory for the acceptance of materials and units of work once performed.
·
Measurement and payment of work-lists the actions involved in executing each work unit and determine how to measure the units of work performed, to effect payment of these benefits.
·
Terms:
contains the general conditions deemed necessary to establish and legislation are not contained.
26.Pliego administrative clauses
Establishes economic conditions, it leads the project, but the administration is performed once made the project and when we proceed to the tender.
27.Partidas raised. Concepts and classes
Values are parts of a work can not be assessed decomposing in units of work as is done with the other parts of the work.
·
Raised to justify Item:
those items which at the time of writing the proposal are measures that can be broken down into units of work, but if you are after completion of the work involved.
Items raised fertilizer·
Full:
ancillary actions in the play, where not interested in the study in detail the cost of its elemental parts, shall be paid to the contractor merely by running them.
28.Designar 7 paragraphs to be included in the contents of the specification of the project
–
Background and purpose of the project.
-Location of the work.
-Description of the work environment.
Description and justification of the solution.
-Deadline for execution of works.
Contractor-rating.
-Review of prices.
-Budgets.
-Conditions of execution.
29.Descripción the work environment
It refers to all aspects of information gathering and previous studies which conducted the project as a starting point for determining the appropriate solution.
30.Plazo that the contractor is obliged to submit the program of work and parts it should contain
One month from the beginning of the play, is a thorough study of the actual means that the builder provides and must comply with the execution time specified in the contract.
31.Revisión prices. Explain the composition
You must specify whether or not the project carries price review, if so, you must indicate which is the formula for review and if it does not explain why. The formulas set by the designer, are not contractual, but if you have the price revision formula set by the administration in the contract documents private.
32.Documento in fixing the level of the contractor to bid for a play
The descriptive report.
33.Documentos must be signed by the author of the project
The specification, drawings, PPTP, the price tables 1 and 2 and the budget.
34.Diferencia between the study and a safety plan
The health and safety study is to investigate the possibility of accidents resulting from the implementation of the work units and to seek solutions in order to avoid them. It is prepared by the designer.
The security plan implements the provisions contained in the study and is presented by the designer.
35.Circunstancias that influence the construction sector is the highest rate of accidents that occur
The very dangerous work, the temporary and insufficient training of workers, poor binding and complex relationship between employees and employers.
36.Apartados or chapters that are structured in the budgets of the security studies
oMemoria:
-Characteristics of the work.
-Analysis of potential risks.
“Preventive measures.
– Training, preventive medicine and first aid.
“Health and welfare facilities.
OPLAN:
“In situation.
“Collective protection.
oPliego conditions:
-Conditions of the measures to take.
“Health and welfare facilities.
oPresupuesto:
-Measurements.
-Box prices.
-Budgets.
37.Caso that is required in the drafting of a study of health and safety when
–
The duration of the work exceeds 30 days.
She finds working more than 20 workers at a time.
“The volume of labor, understood as such, the sum of workdays of the cost of workers in the work exceeds 500 days.
“In works of tunnels, galleries, dams and underground conduits.
“When the ministry he sees fit.
38.Movimientos land. Units
The units of measure depend on the characteristics of the item judged, but typically is used m 3, in some cases, the small thickness of earthwork to be performed, allows to measure it in m 2 (clearing, cleaning) and the linear m excavated trenches.
39.Clases cube procedures for earthworks and the use of each
–
For prisms:
when land is polygonal, has a size comparable in length and width.
–
For cross-sections:
when the development work has great length and small width.
–
Per cubic horizontal sections:
When clearing or earthwork or mound-shaped ditch.
40.Clases measurements. What are and where they differ
The measurements on a construction site are for work actually performed and are the basis for payment of works. Are performed on data taken directly from the field, plans or drawings of the project work for the parties executed in full agreement with it.
The measurements in the project, are the for works within a project and are a basis for obtaining the budget. Levels are performed on the project.
41.Factores that influence the valuation of earthmoving
–
Characteristics of terrain.
-Dimensions of the excavation.
-Distance transport.
-Media to be used.
-The existence of water or moisture.
-Weather conditions.
42.Diferencia between clearing excavation, grading, and pouring
The excavation in clearing and grading, is the set of operations necessary for leveling and clearing the land to the elevation of the ground, while the discharge has the peculiarity that the elevation of the land is below the surrounding terrain in all its extension.
43.Terraplén. Concept. Machinery for implementation. Measurement and payment
It is the land and compaction from excavations on loan until reaching the elevation of the ground. The machinery used is as follows:
–
Motor grader and dozer:
for cleaning and clearing the land.
–
Dozer, scraper and grader:
to spread the material.
–
Water Cuba:
for humidifying.
–
Roller goat leg, bulldozer, compactor tires and vibrating elements:
for scavenging.
The measurement and payment is made in m3 actually executed, as measured by the difference between initial and final data, taken before and after performing the work. In the project, the measurement is carried on planes, measured in the embankment work actually carried out using cross sections that collect reality.
44.Contrato force
Are those for the construction of a nature or property, work to modify the form or substance of the soil or subsoil and the reforms, repairs, maintenance or demolition of the above.
45.Actuaciones prior to the award
Preparation, processing and reappraisal of the project and processing and settlement of the tender dossier.
46.Expediente recruitment
The set of actions preparatory to a contract award derived from it.
47th purposes of developing a project, works are classified as:
–
Works by first setting are those that create a property or change the form or substance of the ground or subsoil.
–
Refurbishment:
reshape, modify, extend or enhance an existing work.
–
Works great repair:
fix the damage to a property from accidental causes, which do not affect resistant structure.
–
Conservation works and maintenance:
fix the damage to a property by the passage of time, by the natural use of the property.
–
Works of demolition:
they serve to break down and destroy an existing work.
48. Is there any difference between the redesign of the work and testing the stakeout?
If, in reframing the project after approving the same and prior to processing the case will be recruited to conduct the redesign of the work, which consists of checking the geometric reality of it and the availability of land for execution, while checking the redesign is to confront the redesign field previously made by management prior to the bidding of viability there shall be deducted or not to execute the work in the opinion of both parties as well as land and services affected and the possibility of normal development of the contract.
49.Documentos prescriptive of the tender dossier
After completing the redesign of the project before approval is the beginning of the tender dossier, which must contain:
-Report project supervision office.
-Minutes of rethink.
-Certificate of the existence of credit.
-Control of spending.
“Particular administrative clauses.
50. List the points that must be included in contract documents private
–
Definition of the object of contract.
Budget.
Constancia express the existence of credit.
Term-time total and partial implementation.
-Specific rights and obligations of the parties.
-Special causes of termination of the contract.
-Administrative Penalties.
“Warranty period.
-Price revision clause.
-Clause or requirement that can be modified.
-Form of contract award.
-Classification of contractors.
-Guarantees.
-Submission to the PLCAP and general contract documents.
“Any clause to be applied.
51.Clases procurement records in connection with processing and description of each
The processing can be of three types:
a) handling routine:
one whose various phases of the procedure follows the rules of general application is one that meets the deadlines set by law.
b)
Processing urgent recruitment’s file is declared urgent by the recruitment agency and are urgent contract implementation or need to accelerate public interest grounds. The emergency declaration includes:
-Preference in the release of records by the various organs (5 days to issue reports)
“The halving of the deadlines set in the LCAP (law of public administration contracts) for the procurement and award of the work and for the submission of tenders or requests.
“The administration may decide to start the award but has not yet been formalized.
“The performance of the contract (time of commencement of the work) will commence within a maximum period of two months from the date of award.
c)
Handling of emergency:
when the administration has to act immediately because of catastrophic event, situations of grave danger or needs that affect national security. The LCAP allows the implementation to be agreed as necessary to remedy the emergency situation without having to comply with any formal requirements. Executed actions are completed the necessary procedures for the control and approval of expenditures.
52. In what circumstances may proceed to the seizure of provisional and definitive bonds?
Bail is the legal document for the contractor to come to its bid, assuring the ability to implement business aspirants.
There are two types of finance:
A.
Provisional Deposit:
is seized if the contract is terminated before it is awarded, this occurs if:
-Does not meet the deadlines set by the contractor from the date of notification of award, these are:
U15 working days to form the final bond.
U30 working days to formalize the contract.
B.
Final Deposit:
seizes on whether to proceed to the resolution of contract, breach by the contractor, bankruptcy and insolvency in the case that it was fraudulent.
53.Garantías, concepts and classes
It is a condition to go to bids for government works, establish the following constitution of a guarantee, which ensures the implementation capacity of aspiring companies.
–
Provisional:
they need to go to the bidding of the work, equivalent to 2% of the budget base for competition, may be deposited in cash, government bond or by guarantee.The guarantee by the successful tenderer will be retained until finalization of the contract. This guarantee will be returned to contractors that have been awarded the work. The contractor which has been awarded, must be within 15 days and the final guarantee within 30 to sign the contract. If once awarded the work, the contractor will be forfeited the provisional bond due to its high ranking.
–
Definitive:
what are the tenders for works contracts of public administrations, is 4% of the budget base for competition (competition) or on the auction price should be set up in 15 working days after the notification of the award of the work. Once approved, the settlement of the contract, and after the warranty period, the amount will be refunded.
–
Collateral:
the 6% of base budget for competition, is constituted as final in the event that the work is of particular importance.
–
Full warranty:
is 100% of the budget and establishing whether the award has been for auction, with the contractor the contractor whose budget is a presumption of recklessness. If time has passed and it is found that there is no recklessness, then returned and is the definitive bond (4%)
–
Comprehensive guarantee:
shall be 4% with reference to all contracts that the company has with the administration (eg Development)
54. Who can be classified as contractors for state work and that is what sets or determines that classification? Classification of contractors for works of the state, existing categories and amount of each.
You can sort all those Spanish companies or foreign (countries of the European economic community), firms from countries not members must meet the requirement of reciprocity, to be entered in the register and have an open branch in Spain.
The classification serves to ensure the fitness or technical and economic capacity to cope with the implementation of a contract of a certain size.
To contract with the state’s execution of works budget should be less than 60,101.42 € 120,202.42 € or in case of consultancy and support contract, service or specific and concrete work are unusual. Will be required that the contractor has previously obtained this classification.
The classification of companies will take into account:
–
Economic and financial:
it is justified by reports of financial institutions filing balance sheet and statement of overall turnover and the works and supplies for the past 3 years.
–
Technical capacity:
is justified by contribution and accreditation of academic qualifications and experience, presenting recruitment in the area in which it seeks the classification made in the last 5 years, also by the description of the technical team who has the provision, private means of study and research.
The existing categories are fixed according to the maximum annual amount that the contractor has executed over the past 5 years, works for subgroup.
The classification is embodied in some groups and subgroups, with largely technical and so-called categories that reflected the economic volume of work to run annually.
CATEGORÍASANUALIDAD Mediae <10MB10-20MC20-60MD60-140ME140-400MF> 400M
55. What shall document the status of the contractor, to bid for a play (ranking records)?
In the Statement of Administrative Terms (PCAP:).
56.Licitación force. Procedures for the award of contracts. Methods of procurement. Documentation to be provided by tenderers.
The award of contracts for the work of the state are:
–
Open procedure:
all interested contractors may submit a proposal.
–
Restricted procedure:
only those entrepreneurs selected may be submitted in advance by the Board after their request.
–
Negotiated procedure:
the administration awarded the contract to the employer submitting the best offer after negotiation and consultation on the terms of the contract with one or more employers.
The forms of awards possible in the above procedures are:
–
Auction:
awarded to the bidder offering the lowest price, not to exceed that rate.
–
Contest for the fall in the tender award, in its contract submits the most advantageous, taking into account the criteria have been established in the specifications, such as price, formula review, the execution time, the quality …
The documentation to be provided by tenderers:
“The certifying the legal status of the employer.
“Those that authorize the contractor classification.
“The signed declaration of not being caught by hiring ban.
-Reservation certifying provisional guarantee.
“The documents substantiating being up to date compliance with tax obligations and social security.
57.Procedimiento business
The administration awarded the contract to the employer who has the best offer after negotiation and consultation on the terms of the contract with each one or more employers.
Only selected entrepreneurs present proposals by the Administration request in response to the invitation of the administration may be applied to auction and tender. The contracting authority should extend invitations to participate in the proceeding, No business will be inviting more than 5 and less than 20.
58.Proposición stakeholders
Tenderers must submit financial statements within the prescribed period in the LCAP for each type of procedure.
59.Diferencia between open and restricted tender
In both follow the same procedure, we present the same documents and is awarded to the lowest tender, the difference is that the open auction all employers (contractors) may submit a nomination and in the restricted auction can only submit proposals those entrepreneurs selected by the Board after their request in response to the invitation of the administration.
60. Under what circumstances can claim a work through the tender system in which competition and maximum award should be made of it?
Circumstances: when the award is made to the proposition that as a whole is more advantageous in several or all the criteria, not only economically, here’s how:
“The price has not been defined, based on a preliminary draft of the administration. Ends or do the project and this is a contest-Work Project.
“Just given the layout, then completed the project as different solutions.
The basic criteria for the award must appear on the statement in descending order of importance and weighting them accordingly.
Contest will be awarded by the following contracts:
“Those whose project or budget could not be established by management.
“When the definition of a provision adopted by the administration is capable of being improved by the tenderers.
“Those for the completion of contracts for which the administration to provide materials and aids which require special guarantees proper use of contractors.
“The jobs that require advanced technologies or their implementation is complex. The deadline for award in the contest is 3 months.
61. In what cases can be applied direct contracting?
The LCAP sets out circumstances in which it is possible to use the negotiated procedure:
–
With “advertising” when the propositions in the open or restricted procedures are irregular or unacceptable, when works are performed solely for research purposes and not to profitability, in exceptional cases when a work is of a nature not permit prior price, the amount is greater than or equal to € 3,976,633.90 in the OJEU notice within 37 or 15 days in an emergency.
–
No advertising:
Technical Specifications, urgency, additional works of the project but more than 20%, secrets and reserved and less than € 30,050.60.
62.Adjudicación provisional and final
Interim award:
the Tenders Committee intervenes in the procurement procedure to exercise the function of advising the contracting authority. A table can examine the documentation submitted with applications for recruitment, once described this documentation, open the envelopes containing the proposal, finally, in the light of those deemed necessary technical reports and proposals of the bidders, raise to table a proposal for award. This proposal does not create any rights in favor of the proposed award to be agreed by the contracting authority.
Final award:
the award of the contract for the national recruitment may depart from the proposal of the table provided reasons for its decision. In the case of an auction, the award agreement may only be accepted the proposal on the table:
“When the proposal was made in violation of the law.
“When the offer falls within the low reckless.
In competition, the contracting authority has the power to award the contract to the most advantageous tender without dealing with the economic approach or declare the contest.
63.Plazo award by auction or tender
The deadline for award in the auctions is 20 days from the following bid opening, in the contest, the deadline is 3 months.
64.Formalización the contract
Within 30 days from the day following the notification of award, the contract will be awarded in an administrative document, being a necessary precondition for the successful bidder upon provision of the final guarantee.
65. What previous actions, should be completed before beginning the execution of works?, Description of each
or designation of the construction manager and the delegate of the contractor:
the administration before the date of verification of the stakeout, the physician shall make the designation of the works director, notifying the contractor, the construction manager is the person responsible for checking and monitoring the completion of the work. Moreover, the contractor is obliged to notify the administration within 15 days, his residence or the contractor delegate, delegate means the person appointed directly by the contractor and accepted by management with sufficient capacity to:
· To represent the contractor.
· Organize the execution of the work.
· Interpret and implement the orders received from management.
· Collaborate with site management.
–
Checking the stakeout:
it seeks to confront on the ground, the redesign made previously by the administration prior to the bid. Intervene, and construction administration. Verification of the restatement will be made after finalization of the contract, that may not exceed a month.
66.Actuaciones that can lead to the fact that the result dela rethinking record check does not show the disposition of the land, its suitability and viability of the works.
The contractor had reservations in the record making, beginning the suspension of work until the tribunal’s administration, as it deems appropriate, if the suspension had a final or leave within 6 months without ordering the suspension agreement on this situation, the Contractor shall be entitled to terminate the contract without loss of warranty and to receive 3% of auction price.
67.Libro orders and incidents
Will open at the time of verification of rethinking and close at the reception, during this period, is available to address work, which, determine the directions and orders as it thinks fit.
68.En that period, the contractor is required to submit the work program and that part should contain
Within one month of notification of approval to start work, a work program if it is provided the specific contract documents, shall contain:
-Management at parties or classes of the whole project.
-Determination of the means.
-Assessment and cumulative monthly work schedule.
-Graphs of the various activities and work.
69.Certificación. Concept and classification
It is the legal document certifying the amounts received by the contractor for partial liquidations, the certificates are signed by management and have the status of receipt on account of the work built.
Classes of certificates:
–
Regular Certificate:
Issued under current annuity.
–
Certification Advance:
annuity issued for committed for future years.
–
Certification of balance settlement:
Extended to settle the balance remaining at the end of the work.
–
Certification Complementary:
Applies to price revisions or amendments duly adopted.
–
Simultaneous Certification:
Issued the same one or two normal on the same date after exhaustion of the existing annuity and other annuity charged in advance to the next.
–
Certifications Past:
previously issued.
70. What should be understood the fact that the fertilizers to the contractor resulting from certificates issued during the execution of the work are interim payments to good account?
Fertilizers to the contractor resulting from the certification are those that are paid, but are subject to changes that occur in the final measurement made the delivery of the work and without assuming the approval and acceptance of work.
71.Abono account of materials collected, equipment and facilities
Materials collected:
when there is danger that the materials collected on site not deteriorate or disappear ‘, you can pay the contractor up to 75% of its value, including such item in the monthly valued relationship and taking into account this development to later deduce the total amount of units of work in which such materials are included.
Equipment and facilities:
payments on account can be granted by the machinery and facilities necessary for the execution of the work whenever the contractor and property are to be used in the immediate term.
72.Enumerar type specific incidents that may arise in the development of the work
-Compensation in case of force majeure.
-Missed deadlines.
-Changes in the contracts.
-Adjustments of annuities.
-Suspension of the work.
-Assignment and subcontracting.
-Review of prices.
73.Diferencia between modified and reformed project
The amended draft is due to new requirements or for technical reasons unforeseen at the drafting of the project, the contractor is required to its execution, without any compensation, if not more than 20% of the budget. When the amendment bring the introduction of new construction units must be established for these new prices, if the contractor disagrees with them will be free to execute it.
The project renovated (modification of the work) the unauthorized modification works for the project which serves as the basic responsibility of the contractor is not entitled to payment of these benefits and be bound by its demolition if so ordered, must also compensate for the administration.
74. How do they differ substantially private works contracts of those by the state?
In private contracts are governed by private law not by LCAP, differ mainly in the absence of specific stiffness of administrative contracts and the relationship of equality between the contracting parties under the terms of the contract is that rule, the principle of autonomy.
75. Is there any difference between the redesign of the work and checking stakeout? If there says they are
Rethinking the work of checking the geometric reality of it and the availability of land for the normal execution, an act that makes the administration, while checking the restatement is an act done by the contractor awarded the work after which reflects:
-Geometric nature of the work.
-Authorization for the occupation of the land.
“For every budget that will affect the fulfillment of the contract.
76.Enumerar the various plans of work possible
Work-plan of the designer.
Work-plan administration.
-Contractor’s work plan for the tender.
-Plan works by successful tenderer.
-A part of these plans, the builder usually make a work plan for internal use.
77. What are the rights of the contractor in relation to?:
or occupation of land and monitoring of the work:
The Contractor shall not occupy any land on which he is not locked and the work to receive orders from the direction of the work, the contractor also is responsible for monitoring.
Maintenance and replacement or servitude:
The contractor is obliged to make his elevation to maintain the necessary work during the execution of the work and replace the end of it for the easements.
or goods that appear in the execution of the work:
The contractor is entitled to free use with permission only for the direction and execution of the work, the natural elements are present, if there are works of art, archaeological …, will be owned by administration.
78.Revisión prices
It is the legal act by which the state recognizes the builder (contractor) an increase in contract prices in a work from a certain date, due to the violation that occurs, increased legal motivated by rising prices labor, materials and energy.
Conditions for application:
-Referring to the contract:
or that in the statement of the contract containing the price revision clause and also detailed the formula is revised.
6 months or that have elapsed since the start of the work.
o Not be held in specific contracts.
-Referring to the contractor:
or that the works do not lead to delays for reasons attributable to him.
-Referring to the work:
or that has been certified at least 20% of the budget of the work, this 20% is not entitled to review.
oIf the work is performed based on a modified draft, that means 20% for the new budget.
-Referring to the valuation price:
or that the ratio of the implementation of the corresponding polynomial formula according to the official price indices exceeding 0975 exceeding 1025.
79.Fases where it can take place to terminate the contract
–
Resolution before the conclusion of the contract:
if the successful tenderer for reasons attributable to it, does not meet the conditions required for the execution of the contract, is not within the final guarantee.
-Termination of contract after being formalized caused by:
oLa nonpayment by the administration within 8 months.
oLas changes in the project involving an alteration exceeds 20% of the budget.
oLa suspension of work for periods exceeding 6 months later.
or Death or incapacity of the contractor.
oLa extinction of the legal status of the contractor company.
oLa bankruptcy or insolvency.
oFalta to provide the final guarantee.
80. In what circumstances may proceed to the seizure of provisional and definitive bonds?
–
Interim Deposit:
If the successful tenderer for reasons attributable to it, does not meet the conditions required for the contract or is not within the final guarantee.
–
Final Deposit:
If the contract is terminated because of contractor, the deposit is forfeited. The resolution may be due to:
or that the contractor is in delay for the full term.
oLa Failure to submit the work program.
oFraude or deception.
oLa bankruptcy of the contractor.
oIn the case of suspension of payments.
Ö Where in the reception of works have not been able to be received.
Ö Where a consortium of contractors, some of them are found in cases of death, termination or bankruptcy.
81.Conclusión the contract schedule and brief description of administrative acts to be performed from provisional acceptance until the cancellation of the contract.
–
Reception:
after the works by the contractor, verified receipt thereof, the reception is a formal act is to verify that the contractor has fulfilled its obligation to deliver his charge to public use or service corresponding rising the corresponding record.
–
Warranty period:
carried the reception of the works, begins the warranty period, it will be established given the complexity of the work during this period is the contractor’s responsibility and police maintenance works. If the play had hidden defects in construction, the contractor liable for damages in the term of 15 years.
–
Payment:
within 6 months from receipt, the contractor should agree for settlement and pay the resulting balance.
–
Return of final guarantee:
approved the settlement of the contract and if there had been no problem.
82.Distintos types of private works contract in terms of valuation and payment
–
Contract work to measure:
unit prices are agreed and by measurement of the work performed and application of these prices we obtain the total property must pay.
–
Contract work to fixed price, the contract has a fixed price, calculated a priori, which commits the contractor to execute the works.
–
Case in which the contractor acts as an intermediary:
the work provides human resources, materials and machinery, a toll of the real costs of ownership.
83.Modificaciones projects and effect thereof
The administration may make changes to the project, if they are due to:
-New requirement.
Causes unforeseen technical-drafting the proposal consists of the documents defining such changes if the change is an increase or decrease the budget must be readjusted to the execution time. If the changes are <20% of the budget, the contractor is required to its execution, whether an increase or decrease in number of units of work to perform, without compensation. If the changes involve the introduction of new units of work, you must set new prices, these prices are made by the administration, if the contractor is not appropriate is free to run these new construction units. If the changes are> 50% of the budget the contractor may request termination of the contract.
84.Enumerar type specific incidents that may arise in the development of a work
–
Compensation in case of force majeure.
“Breach of deadlines and penalties, extensions.
-Modification in the contracts.
-Adjustment of annuities.
-Suspension of works.
-Assignment and subcontracting.
-Review of prices.
85.Causas resolution of a labor contract before finalization
“Do not be the final bond within 15 days.
“Do not execute the contract within 30 days.
“No to the audit of rethinking within 30 days.
86.Causas resolution of a labor contract after its conclusion
-Failure to pay by the administration in 8 months.
-Modifications to the proposed alteration involving> 20% of the budget or involve a substantial alteration of the initial project.
-Suspension of works for a period> 6 months agreed by management.
“Death or incapacity of the individual contractor.
-Declaration of bankruptcy or insolvency.
“Mutual agreement between the government and the contractor.
-Failure to provide final or special bond.
-Other causes.
87.Contratación directly
Contract procurement procedure in which the private property of the contractor awarded the work you choose.
ProyectoAutorizaciónReplanteo
Record monitoring contrataciónInforme
Minutes of rethink
Certificate of good credit
Award
p.Negociado
DesignaciónFirma the contract (30 days) p.Abierto
(Tender) p. Restricted
Director optional
Delegate contrat. (30 days)
Acta check rethinking Mod.Proyecto
Additional Works Home
Paper incidents
Book orders
Residence-contractor
Works
Acta recepciónFinalización obrasEjecución
Possibility of 6 months vices 15 years
Clearance obraDevolución fianzamediciones
Reviews
Certification
88.Principios basic programming
“The deadlines set by the ownership of the work must be done.
“The hired labor must remain as stable as possible not to experience frequent or sudden changes.
“The machinery and auxiliary equipment attached to a work should be exploited to the fullest.
“The resulting program should be clearly understandable.
89.Programación works. Concept and objective
Schedule a work is the work of providing the means and appropriate procedures and allowing for the minimum execution cost or minimal delay.
The programming required to provide a way to execute the work, means and procedures used and the time moment of realizing different activities or jobs.
90.Actuaciones prior to programming
–
Detailed examination of the project and the construction site.
Decomposition of the play-in incremental activities or jobs.
-Analysis of the relationships between the various activities of the work.
-Determining the means and construction procedures to follow.
-Calculation of the duration times of activities.
91.Clasificación works for the purposes of the official program of work of MOPU
Depending on the importance of the work from the standpoint of the budget and the amount of monthly investments, it seems advisable to establish different criteria in developing the program, there are three groups:
–
Group A:
Budget or less or average investment 30.050.60 € 3.005.06 € monthly.
–
Group B:
budget greater than € 30,050.60 and investing less than or equal monthly average € 18,030.36.
–
Group C:
bigger budget and investment of € 30,050.60 monthly average greater than € 18,030.06.
The Group C program should include the following:
-Report explaining the process of carrying out the work with the following points:
osolución given to the traffic problems.
oestudio of the problems caused by expropriation.
odeterminación class of works.
odivisión of the work in installments.
-Determination of the quantities of work: in each activity determine the quantities of work executed in installments.
“Estimation of means: they will build a team for each of the activities, calculating their hourly output useful.
-Duration of activities: estimating the useful performance of each team will fix the duration of each activity, the graphical representation will take place in space-time diagram.
92. What does it mean?:
Dummy activity:
are ancillary activities of the diagram that represent just a connection or interdependence between two nodes and is characterized not consume time, effort, and resources. They are necessary because there is activity that have identical start and end are different and we must differentiate, is represented in dashed and sets time zero.
Critical activity is said that a PERT activity is critical when the total float is zero (zero) in this case its two antecedents and consequent events are also critical. But this does not mean that an activity that joins two critical events do too.
Critical Path:
one in which all component activities have zero total float. There is always at least one critical path, it gives the project duration.
Maximum period is the date by which you can not pass to start the activities that start from a node or event, if passed, not met the scheduled end date.
Minimum:
represents the minimum time before which can not start the activities that start from the (node).
Slack:
we will each activity a total float, a free and independent.
Clearance-total: represents the total possible delay in the commencement of the activity, assuming that all preceding activities start at their earliest moments and all subsequent moments in its later stage.
Clearance-free: it is the possible delay in the onset of activity when the preceding and subsequent activities start at their earliest moments.
Slack-independent: it is the possible delay in the commencement of the activity, ie that the previous activities completed as late as possible and as soon as possible after starting.
Pert 93.El system
It can be applied to any program that can define all the elementary operations needed to develop it fully, using the PERT to the organization of a work, provides among other things, what is the most appropriate way for the time spent is least.
94.Tipos production
–
Production chain:
is that each team carries out various activities successively.
–
Production cyclical:
is that the same team performed the same activity repeatedly in order to apply it must exist in the play similar parts that can be performed in succession.
–
Production in parallel:
is that two or more teams working simultaneously perform the same activity. In order to apply it must exist in the play similar parts that can be made independently.
Basic 95.Elementos
–
Activity:
it is a necessary act to achieve some objective within the scope of a project and characterized by a duration.
–
Incident at the moment that marks the end of activities in the busy and the principle of departing from it.
–
Path:
is a sequence of activities, events can be linked by string, network, or reticulum.