Cellular Biology: Types, Structures, and Functions
What name receives red blood cells? Erythrocytes.
Immature forms of red blood cells with RER are called: Reticulocytes.
Agranulocytes or mononuclear cells are: Lymphocytes and monocytes.
Thrombocytes originate from cells called: Megakaryoblasts and megakaryocytes.
Approximately how many different cell types are in the body? About 200 types.
The serous cavities are lined by a tissue called: Mesothelium.
What epithelial tissue is observed in absorptive function? Endothelium.
The face of a polyhedral epithelial cell facing the body surface or lumen is called: Apical side.
A specialization of the basal epithelial cell is: Basal folds.
Epithelial tissue is classified according to layers as: Simple, stratified, and pseudostratified.
A simple example of simple squamous epithelium is: Kidney (loop of Henle).
An example of stratified squamous epithelium is: Esophagus.
An example of stratified cuboidal epithelium is: Excretory canal.
A simple example of simple columnar epithelium is: Small intestine.
An example of stratified columnar epithelium is: Urethra.
An example of pseudostratified epithelium is: Bronchial epithelium.
An example of stratified squamous epithelium is: Vagina, ectocervix.
Which cell organelle accumulates substances in glandular epithelium for secretion? Histogenesis.
What exocrine glands remove from the blood and send substances outside the body? Tubular glands.
The 3 main criteria used to classify glandular epithelium are: Cell type, mechanism of secretion, and destination of the secretion product.
An example of a unicellular gland is: Goblet cell.
Exocrine glands that secrete by eliminating the apical portion of the cell are called: Apocrine.
Exocrine glands that secrete their contents by exocytosis of secretion granules are called: Merocrine.
Exocrine glands that secrete by releasing the entire cell as the secretion product are called: Holocrine.
An endocrine gland with a vesicular structure is: Thyroid.
Excretory ducts of exocrine glands are classified into: Simple and compound.
When the secretory portion of an exocrine gland is spherical with a wide lumen, it is called: Alveolar.
When a malignant cancer has not crossed the basement membrane of the epithelium, it is called: Carcinoma in situ.
What type of cell are bacteria? Prokaryote.
The linear union of amino acids forms the: Elementary structure.
At electron microscopy, the cytoplasmic membrane has a: Trilaminar appearance.
At optical microscopy, the cytoplasmic membrane appears as: A thin pericellular contour.
Two cavities of the body that communicate with the outside world are: Mouth and excretory duct.
Four elements distinguished by light microscopy in the nucleus are: Chromatin, karyotheca, nucleolus, and cytoplasmic membrane.
In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes resemble spiders? Anaphase.
What is an injury? Any alteration in the morphology or structure of any part of the body at any level.
Names of Spanish Nobel Prize winners in medicine are: Ramón y Cajal, Severo Ochoa.
The three types of plasma proteins are: Albumin, globulin, and fibrinogen.
The cell cytoskeleton consists of three elements: Microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments.
Three characteristics of diffusion are: Does not consume energy, uses cell carriers, and moves against the concentration gradient.
How can we distinguish euchromatin from heterochromatin with the optical microscope? Heterochromatin is not dyed, and euchromatin is.