C Programming Examples: Matrices, Strings, and Structures

Posted on May 22, 2024 in Computers

C Program for 2×2 Matrix Addition

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int matrix1[2][2] = {{1, 2}, {3, 4}};
    int matrix2[2][2] = {{5, 6}, {7, 8}};
    int result[2][2];
    int i, j;

    // Adding matrices
    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
            result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];
        }
    }

    // Displaying the result
    printf("Sum of matrices:\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
            printf("%d ", result[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

C Program for 2×2 Matrix Subtraction

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int matrix1[2][2] = {{1, 2}, {3, 4}};
    int matrix2[2][2] = {{5, 6}, {7, 8}};
    int result[2][2];
    int i, j;

    // Subtracting matrices
    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
            result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] - matrix2[i][j];
        }
    }

    // Displaying the result
    printf("Difference of matrices:\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
            printf("%d ", result[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

C Program for 2×2 Matrix Multiplication

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int matrix1[2][2] = {{1, 2}, {3, 4}};
    int matrix2[2][2] = {{5, 6}, {7, 8}};
    int result[2][2];
    int i, j, k;

    // Multiplying matrices
    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
            result[i][j] = 0;
            for (k = 0; k < 2; k++) {
                result[i][j] += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j];
            }
        }
    }

    // Displaying the result
    printf("Product of matrices:\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
            printf("%d ", result[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

C Program: String Functions (Compare, Length, Copy, Concatenate, Reverse)

Code:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
    char str1[100], str2[100], copy_str[100], concat_str[200], rev_str[100];

    // Input strings
    printf("Enter the first string: ");
    scanf("%s", str1);

    printf("Enter the second string: ");
    scanf("%s", str2);

    // Compare strings
    int cmp = strcmp(str1, str2);
    if (cmp == 0) {
        printf("Strings are equal.\n");
    } else if (cmp < 0) {
        printf("String \"%s\" is less than string \"%s\".\n", str1, str2);
    } else {
        printf("String \"%s\" is greater than string \"%s\".\n", str1, str2);
    }

    // Length of strings
    int len_str1 = strlen(str1);
    int len_str2 = strlen(str2);
    printf("Length of string 1: %d\n", len_str1);
    printf("Length of string 2: %d\n", len_str2);

    // Copy strings
    strcpy(copy_str, str1);
    printf("Copied string: %s\n", copy_str);

    // Concatenate strings
    strcpy(concat_str, str1);
    strcat(concat_str, str2);
    printf("Concatenated string: %s\n", concat_str);

    // Reverse strings
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0, j = len_str1 - 1; i < len_str1; i++, j--) {
        rev_str[i] = str1[j];
    }
    rev_str[i] = '\0';
    printf("Reversed string 1: %s\n", rev_str);

    return 0;
}

C Program: Structure for Book Details (Using Array of Structures)

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

// Define the structure for a book
struct Book {
    int id;
    char title[100];
    char author[100];
};

int main() {
    struct Book books[5]; // Array of structures to store 5 books
    int i;

    // Input details for 5 books
    printf("Enter details for 5 books:\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        printf("\nBook %d:\n", i + 1);
        printf("Enter ID: ");
        scanf("%d", &books[i].id);
        printf("Enter Title: ");
        scanf("%s", books[i].title); // Assuming no spaces in title
        printf("Enter Author: ");
        scanf("%s", books[i].author); // Assuming no spaces in author
    }

    // Display details of all 5 books
    printf("\nDetails of 5 books:\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        printf("\nBook %d:\n", i + 1);
        printf("ID: %d\n", books[i].id);
        printf("Title: %s\n", books[i].title);
        printf("Author: %s\n", books[i].author);
    }

    return 0;
}

C Program: Structure for Student Information

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

// Define the structure for student information
struct Student {
    char name[100];
    int roll_no;
    float marks;
};

int main() {
    struct Student student;

    // Input details from the user
    printf("Enter student details:\n");
    printf("Name: ");
    scanf("%s", student.name);
    printf("Roll No: ");
    scanf("%d", &student.roll_no);
    printf("Marks: ");
    scanf("%f", &student.marks);

    // Display the student details
    printf("\nStudent Details:\n");
    printf("Name: %s\n", student.name);
    printf("Roll No: %d\n", student.roll_no);
    printf("Marks: %.2f\n", student.marks);

    return 0;
}