Biology Quiz Questions and Answers
What is a dihybrid cross?
A genetic cross involving two individuals that are heterozygous for two different traits.
In comparison to eukaryotes, prokaryotes
Are smaller
According to the central dogma, what is the intermediate molecule involved in the flow of information in a cell?
mRNA
Why does testosterone, a lipid-soluble signaling molecule that crosses the membranes of all cells, affect only target cells?
Intracellular receptors for testosterone are present only in target cells.
In the formation of biofilms, such as those forming on unbrushed teeth, cell signaling serves which function?
Aggregation of bacteria that can cause cavities
Which of the following organelles contains enzymes involved in detoxification?
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Which of the following characteristics do all sexual life cycles have in common?
I, III, and IV (Alternation of generations, Fertilization, Gametes)
Match the step of the scientific method with its description:
Step 1: Observation and description of a phenomenon; Step 2: Formulation of a hypothesis; Step 3: Testing the hypothesis
Which of the following events lead to the activation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) during the cell cycle?
Binding to Cyclins
As letters are to English language, __ is/are to genetic information.
Nucleotides
In a diploid cell with 5 chromosome pairs (2n = 10), how many sister chromatids will be found in a nucleus at prophase of mitosis?
20
Which of the following molecules is most similar in structure to ATP?
An RNA nucleotide
What does the law of independent assortment state?
Alleles of different genes segregate independently of one another during gamete formation.
A characteristic 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules is associated with
Eukaryotic flagella and motile cilia
Which of the following mechanisms is used to coordinate the expression of multiple, related genes in eukaryotic cells?
The genes are organized into a large operon, allowing them to be coordinately controlled as a single unit.
A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a
Population
Which of the following effects might be caused by reduced or very little active telomerase activity?
Cells age and begin to lose function.
Arrange the levels of biological organization from the smallest to the largest scale:
Molecule, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organism
In yeast signal transduction, a yeast cell releases a mating factor, which
Binds to receptors on the membranes of other types of yeast cells.
Why is the ΔG of ATP hydrolysis in the cell about twice as great as the ΔG of ATP hydrolysis in a test tube under standard conditions?
Reactant and product concentrations in the test tube are different from those in the cell.
Phosphorylation cascades involving a series of protein kinases are useful for cellular signal transduction because they
Amplify the original signal many times.
The membranes of winter wheat are able to remain fluid when it is extremely cold by
Increasing the proportion of unsaturated phospholipids in the membrane
A couple has a child with Down syndrome. The mother is 39 years old at the time of delivery. Which of the following is the most probable cause of the child’s condition?
One of the gametes in the mother most likely underwent nondisjunction during meiosis.
Where are the proteins of the electron transport chain located?
Mitochondrial inner membrane
Mendel’s observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation has its basis in which of the following phases of cell division?
Anaphase I of meiosis.
Which of the following statements defines a genome?
The complete set of an organism’s genes and other DNA sequences.
The process by which the information in a gene directs the synthesis of a protein is called
Gene expression
Most repressor proteins are allosteric. Which of the following molecules binds with the repressor to alter its conformation and therefore affect its function?
Inducer.
When a cell is in equilibrium with its environment, which of the following processes occurs for substances that can diffuse through the plasma membrane?
There is random movement of substances into and out of the cell.
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