Bio
1. In the two-kingdom system, why were fungi classified in the kingdom Plantae? They are sedentary.
2. There is(are) _____ eukaryotic domain(s). One
3. The horizontal line indicating a branch on a phylogenetic tree represents ancestral forms of the named taxon, thereby illustrating the evolutionary lineage leading to that taxon.
4. Sister taxa are groups of organisms that share a unique common ancestor not shared by any other groups.
5. The point at which two or more lineages diverge from their common ancestor is called a(n) branch point or node.
6. Each branch tip on a phylogenetic tree represents a specific group of organisms known as a(n) taxon.
7. Fishes and chimps have no common ancestors. False
8. Frogs and humans are more distantly related than are lizards and humans. True
9. in this tree, lizards are the sister taxon of the lineage that includes humans and chimps. True
9. The taxon that shares the most recent common ancestor with frogs is fishes. False
10. Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms? Taxonomy
11. Animals that possess homologous structures probably ____. evolved from the same ancestor
12. Some beetles and flies have antler-like structures on their heads, much like male deer. The existence of antlers in beetle, fly, and deer species with strong male-male competition is an example of ________. convergent evolution
13. Which of the following taxonomic categories contains all the others listed here? class
– In a comparison of birds and mammals, having four limbs is _____. shared ancestral character
– Which of the following are the three domains currently used for classification? Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
– The scientific name of the giant swallowtail is Heraclides cresphontes. Therefore,it belongs to the genus Heraclides.
– In cladistics, ________ is(are) the primary criterion used to classify organisms. shared, derived characters
– A(n) ________ is one that is present in the common ancestor and the outgroup. shared ancestral character
– Some bacteria obtain energy from light (phototrophs), whereas other bacteria obtain energy from chemicals (chemotrophs). Autotrophs (literally “self-feeders”) require only an inorganic substance, such as carbon dioxide, as their carbon source; heterotrophs (literally “other-feeders”) require at least one organic nutrient as their carbon source.
– Which of the following is LEAST associated with the others? Binary fission
– In prokaryotes new mutations accumulate quickly in populations, while in eukaryotes new mutations accumulate much more slowly. The primary reasons for this are. Prokaryotes have short generation times and large population sizes.
– Which of the following structures does a prokaryote not have? nucleus
– Prokaryotes reproduce asexually by ______ binary fission
– Which statement is true for all sexually reproducing plants and animals ??The process of meiosis produces haploid cells
– Which structures are haploid? egg, Gametophyte, spores
– n moss, _____ produce sperm. antheridia
– The sperm produced by mosses require _____ to reach an archegonium. moisture
– In mosses gametes are produced by _____; in ferns gametes are produced by _____. mitosis … mitosis
– Which of the following contains multiple gymnosperm ovules? ovulate cone
– Which of the following is found inside a pollen grain? the male gametophyte
– What are the main components of a mature gymnosperm seed? Food supply , embryo, seed coat
– The embryo is diploid
– The sporophyte generation is diploid
– The gametophyte generation is haploid
-The megaspore is haploid
-The male gametophytes of flowering plants are also referred to as _____.pollen grains
-In flowering plants the integuments of the ovule develop into a(n) _____. seed coat
– A carpel is composed of _____. stigma, style, and ovary
– A stamen consists of _____. anther and filament
I- n angiosperms, pollination is the transfer of pollen grain to the _____ of a flower on the same plant or another plant of the same species. stigma
– In mosses gametes are produced by _____; in ferns gametes are produced by _____. mitosis … mitosis
– Where do fern antheridia develop? on the underside of the gametophyte
– The conspicuous part of a fern plant is a _____. diploid sporophyte
– Trypanosome infections evade attacks by host immune systems through which of the following mechanisms?Production of new cell-surface proteins with a different molecular structure by each new generation
– Which of the following approaches would be most likely to cause evolution of a drug-resistant strain of Plasmodium? widespread, frequent use of a single drug in patients suffering from malaria
– All protists are _____. eukaryotic
– When a mosquito infected with Plasmodium first bites a human, the Plasmodium __. cells infect the human liver cells
– A porous test (shell) of calcium carbonate, through which pseudopodia protrude, is characteristic of __ foraminiferans
– Which of the following groups is matched with a correct anatomical feature? brown algae → blade
– Which of these events, based on plant fossils, came last (most recently). rise and diversification of angiosperms
– Which taxon is essentially equivalent to the “embryophytes”? Plantae
– Apical meristems ________. occur in both roots and shoots of plants
– Which of these are spore-producing structures? sporophyte (capsule) of a moss
– The evolution of a vascular system in plants allowed which of the following to occur? increased height, improved competition for light, and increased spore dispersal distances
– The advantages of seeds, compared to spores, include _____Containing a nutrient store for a developing sporophyte
– Gymnosperms were most abundant during the ____. Mesozoic
– Plasmodium exhibits consumption in its interactions with mosquitoes and humans. Which process is not an example of consumption? Commensalism
– Which form of Plasmodium is the immediate cause of anemia in humans? Merozoites
– Some fungal species live in plants and can kill herbivores that feed on the plant. What type of relationship does this fungus have with its host? mutualistic
– Which of the following best describes the physical relationship of the partners involved in lichens? Photosynthetic cells are surrounded by fungal hyp
– Which feature seen in chytrids supports the hypothesis that they diverged earliest in fungal evolution? flagellated spores