Baroque Poetry and Language Varieties: An Analysis
The Baroque: Poetry
Historical and social characteristics of the Baroque (seventeenth century)
Period of political decline and economic crisis, atmosphere of insecurity and disappointment. New world view: deformation of the ideal Renaissance and new mysticism. Imbalance that is manifested in the artistic and literary expressions:
- Evolution of Renaissance forms and content, emptying them of meaning. Moral stance against decay.
- Complicated and aspiration to art for art.
Search the new and difficult. Ease considered artistic defect. Combat vulgarity through rhetorical wit.
Trends: Concepts and Culteranismo
“The conceptual beauty concept serves and enhances the content and figures of thought.
“The beauty pursues culteranismo sensory, metaphorical, and the idealization of nature.
The Poetry of the Baroque: Topics
- Collect the Renaissance themes—love, nature, and mythology—adapted to the Baroque.
- New themes (moralistic): disappointment, time, transience of life, sleep, death.
Trends and Poets
Poesía Culto: Góngora
Amplification and linguistic circumlocutions.
Perfect in form in lines and stanzas. Idealization of beauty and nature. Metaphorical transformations of reality.
Sound rhythm cultist language processing, syntactic complexity. Key works: Romance, letrillas, sonnets, Fable of Polyphemus and Galatea, Solitudes. Topics: love, nature, mythology, loneliness, the transience of life, and so on.
Poesía Conceptista: Quevedo
Condensation language and tendency to ellipsis. Recurrence to the full range of concepts and figures of speech.
- Variety of phonetic and semantic games of words.
- Use of all morphological and syntactic devices.
Key works: The Spanish Parnassus, Romance, letrillas, sonnets, etc. Topics: love, anguish (transience of life, time, disappointment political …), etc.
Lope de Vega
Musicality and rhythm in all kinds of lines and stanzas. Approximation of all resources culto and concepts.
Variety of genres: poetry, epic, satirical burlesque, popular, and so on.
Key works: Rimas sacred, divine and human Rhymes took the Bachelor of Burguillos, Dr gontea, The beauty of Angelica, and so on. Themes: love, religious, pastoral, satirical burlesque, moralizing, and so on.
Lyrical Folklore
Lyrical traditional carols, seguidillas songs.
Ballads again romances written by poets educated in the traditional manner.
The Varieties of Language
The tongue is a common code that the speakers belonging to a collectivity have. Certain circumstances explain the appearance of different varieties within the same language, we categorized in:
Varieties of Language: Diphasic
They are related to the communicative situation and the individual style of the speaker. It is a variety of speech. It gives rise to linguistic records. The elements of a communicative situation are:
- The personality of the sender-receiver
- The communicative tension or degree of formality
- The intentionality
- The matter in question
- The unilateral bilateral interaction
- The interaction space
There are two types of records for
Formal registration: own areas of cultural, scientific and literary. The most significant is the cult record, characterized by the lexical precision and grammatical correctness.
Informal register: used in family settings, friendly, and so on. The colloquial register is the most characteristic character in dialogue, expressiveness and spontaneity, and confluence of verbal and nonverbal code.
Variety Diastratic or Social
The education level of the speakers results in levels of language or sociolects:
At worship: variety elaborate and precise, typical of the literary language, legal or scientific.
B grassroots: fair, more expressive than the previous
C level vulgar uneducated own. It is characterized by the use of slang or incorrect language.
There is also a standard language, common to speakers of the average cultural level. There are also social groups that provide specialized languages unknown to the others: the jargon.
Variety Diatopic: Geographical
In relation to the territory occupied by speakers, give rise to languages, dialects and local dialects.