Baroque and Renaissance Literature, Opera, and Scientific Terminology
Baroque Literature and Opera
Subordinate Adjectives and Adjectival Nouns
Subordinate adjective (between commas) only: explicat.
Subordinate adjectival noun: Omit the background. The antecedent would be “the child” – it omits reference to what he does. Example: “that is entered is called Miguel.”
Adverbial Sentences
They may be proper or improper and relate to place, time, or mood.
Types of Subordinate Clauses
- Subordinate Row: Nexos: well (s) who, after then, so, by accordingly.
- Subordinate Conditional: Express a condition required for the main action. Nexus: yes, provided that, (in the) case, provided (of) that, unless, if, as.
- Subordinate Concessive: Express something that could hinder the main action but doesn’t prevent it. Nexos: although, though, even.
- Subordinate End: State the purpose of the main action. Nexus: for that, that, that, in order that, in order that.
The Baroque Opera
The Baroque opera represents the imbalance of the Renaissance. This change is driven by two trends:
- Culteranismo: Represented by Luis de Gongora.
- Conceptismo: Led by Francisco de Quevedo.
These poets, along with Lope de Vega, are the principal authors of the Baroque opera. Alongside serious themes like disappointment and death, a poetic mood of satire and nature developed. Baroque literature explores various themes, including dreams and mythology.
Baroque poetry is characterized by alternating Italian metrics like the sonnet with popular forms like ballads, couplets, and letrillas. Authors display a cultivated taste for traditional literature. This period saw the development of New Ballads, with gender and metrics remaining similar to the Renaissance.
Baroque poetry strives for originality and aims to impress the reader. This leads to the abundant use of rhetorical devices, sometimes making the poetry obscure and difficult.
The Baroque disrupts the balance between form and content characteristic of the Renaissance. This destabilization is the foundation of Culteranismo and Conceptismo.
Renaissance Lyric
Renaissance language is characterized by naturalness and simplicity, avoiding affectation. Simple lexicon and syntax are favored. Common themes include:
- Love: Conceived from a Platonic perspective.
- Nature: Portrayed as idyllic (bucolic).
- Pagan Mythology: Stories of gods and female beauty, adhering to classical ideals.
These themes incorporate classical topics like carpe diem and locus amoenus.
Scientific and Medical Terminology
CMC (likely refers to Carboxymethyl Cellulose)
Further context is needed to provide a precise definition.
Prokaryotes
Bacteriophage (phage): Viruses that infect bacteria, using their biosynthetic machinery to multiply.
Antibiotic
Chemicals produced by living organisms that inhibit or destroy microorganisms, preventing their growth and reproduction.
Sulfonamides
Chemical compounds used to combat bacterial infections.
Scanner
Diagnostic technique using radiation, now largely replaced by detectors connected to a computer.
Sonography
Technique using electromagnetic or acoustic waves to visualize the inside of the body.
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Imaging technique used to study various lesions, tumors, and diseases, particularly in the central nervous system and spine.
Cytotoxic Effect
Local cellular injury caused by factors like proteolytic enzymes and complement activation, leading to edema, vasodilation, and potential necrosis.
Interferons
Glycoproteins that non-specifically inhibit viral replication within host cells.