Artificial Intelligence and Robotics: Key Concepts
Key Concepts in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
Artificial Intelligence
- Evolutionary capacity for which the individual is able to reason and make decisions depending on their environment and improve their survival, as an individual, as a group, or kind: Intelligence
- That intelligence exhibited by human-created artifacts: Artificial Intelligence
- Experiment to prove whether a computer thinks or not, which tries to offer a definition of Artificial Intelligence that can be evaluated: Turing Test
- Methods known as machine learning, characterized by formalism and statistical analysis, can provide the computer skills of perception, reasoning, and action similar to those of human intelligence: Machine Learning
- Involves harnessing the potential of machines for development or rote learning and is based on empirical data in their design as research into the mechanisms of human intelligence and is used in the simulation and validation of theories: Conventional Intelligence
- A rule to follow when we say you have to make judgments based on experience: Heuristics
- Computers have problems identifying situations that are similar but not identical, which impacts the time to recognize and analyze: Pattern Recognition
- Learn from experience if the result is good and learn it; if negative, learn not to use it: Reinforcement Learning
- Computer specialist who makes the recognition of human specialist software: Knowledge Engineer
- This branch of artificial intelligence research focuses on the design and development of software able to accept, interpret, and execute instructions given by the users in their native language: Natural Language Processing
- This is a new form of computing that is able to handle the inaccuracies and uncertainties that arise when it comes to solving problems related to the real world: Neural Networks
- Organized storage of information under one criterion: that result should reuse a stored value should be faster to look for a reconstruction: Learning by Rote
- The area of artificial intelligence which seeks, through computers, to imitate human sensory abilities or skills such as sight, hearing, speech, and touch: Simulation of Human Intelligence
- Programs that help the user, e.g., to choose products, fill forms, or find a certain thing: Intelligent Agent
- Systems with knowledge bases consist of a series of common sense rules or heuristics, as well as an inference engine and a human interface: Expert System
- Also called a base of facts in an expert system and has a dynamic behavior in the relationships that creates the inference machine: Database
- Realizes the abstract knowledge that owns the system, to draw conclusions and make relevant decisions: Fuzzy Logic
- An expert system is reliable if your engine or machine inference of knowledge is as narrow as possible: Inference Engine
- The people involved in creating an expert system are the knowledge engineer, the human expert, and: Users
- A commercial expert system (Shell) has all the features of a full expert system that only lacks: Knowledge Base
Robotics and Related Technologies
- Electromechanical device that plays specific tasks automatically and is controlled by computer: Robot
- The functioning of the human brain is the source of inspiration to design: Neural Networks
- According to the architecture of the robots, they can be classified as androids, hinged, poly-articulated, zoomorphic, and mobile: Robot Architecture
- The storage of information by neural networks is as a set of activities between them: Neural Network Memory
- The input/output are what make the difference between a robot and a standard computer: Input/Output
- Robots that have human form are known by the name of: Android
- In a living organism, to survive depends on robotic parts is called a: Cyborg
- Electronic devices that can detect changes in physical phenomena and/or chemical energy to become measurable for analysis or use: Sensors
- If “a robot obeys orders to release a bomb against the inhabitants of an enemy country,” which of the Laws of Robotics is not met? First
- As ethical considerations in the design of robots and to prevent them from acting against the human being, Isaac Asimov proposed: The Laws of Robotics
- The law of robotics dealing with the robot’s self is: The Third
- Through sensors, robots are able to perceive their environment and then process (“reason”) the information and then work with its peripherals or extremities: Sensors
- For a robot to play its role, it needs to be controlled by a computer that is running an expert system with limited proficiency in an area of work or knowledge: Control System
- An interactive environment where the user is alternately involved through the use of a computer in a virtually real world: Virtual Reality
Nanotechnology
The science and techniques applied to an extremely small level of measures: Nanotechnology