Argentina’s Diverse Landscapes: A Comprehensive Overview
Puna
The Puna is a high plateau located in the Andes Mountains of Argentina. It is characterized by its wide temperature range and high altitude, with elevations reaching up to 3,500 meters. The Puna is home to a variety of mineral resources, including tin, gold, copper, and antimony. The region is also known for its salt flats and salt marshes.
Eastern Cordillera
The Eastern Cordillera is a mountain range located in the eastern part of Argentina. It is formed by high mountains and narrow valleys, with some peaks exceeding 5,000 meters in height. The rivers that flow through the Eastern Cordillera include the Calchaquí, the Bull, and the Great. The streams in this region connect the Puna and Interserrana valleys of Jujuy and Lerma, where most of the population is concentrated.
Sub-Andean Sierras
The Sub-Andean Sierras are a series of low, narrow, and elongated mountains located in the provinces of Jujuy, Salta, and Tucuman. They have a maximum height of 1,000 to 1,500 meters and contain deposits of hydrocarbons (oil).
Cordillera Principal
The Cordillera Principal is the main mountain range of the Andes in Argentina. Its summits form the watershed between the Atlantic and Pacific slopes. The Cordillera Principal is characterized by high traffic and difficult passes, with mountains such as Aconcagua, which is 6,959 meters high. The drainage network of the Cordillera Principal is fed by melting ice and snow, and there are glacial cirques and moraines in the region.
Front Range
The Front Range is a rejuvenated old mountain range. It consists of high and elevated blocks that do not have a definite orientation. The Front Range is characterized by an extremely dry environment.
Patagonian Andes
The Patagonian Andes are a series of isolated blocks that are arranged from north to south, divided by low mountain passes. Glacial erosion has modified the landscape of the Patagonian Andes, especially in the formation of lakes. The region has little volcanic activity and is home to cool forests that receive high rainfall, with some areas receiving up to 3,000 mm of precipitation per year.
Chaco Pampean Plain
The Chaco Pampean Plain is located in the eastern part of Argentina. It is characterized by its great capacity for folding and its use for agricultural production. The Chaco Pampean Plain includes the Chaco and the Pampas plains, as well as other structural units.
Chaco Basin – Paranaense
The Chaco Basin – Paranaense is a large basin that is crossed by numerous faults. It contains lagoons and a water supply that has been continuously sedimenting over millions of years, leading to soil fertility. The basin includes the Chaco plains, the wetlands of Corrientes, Entre Rios, the hills, the delta of the Parana, and the Pampas plains. The water supply in the basin is generally poor, and there are frequent floods that affect major cities such as Corrientes, Resistencia, Santa Fe, Paraná, and Rosario.
Cuenca del Salado
The Cuenca del Salado is a basin that covers the so-called depressed area and covers 13% of the province of Buenos Aires. It is characterized by a large accumulation of sediments and a very smooth terrain that matches the slope of the Salt River. The lakes in the Cuenca del Salado are low and very shallow, and the Salt River is the longest river in the province of Buenos Aires. The climate in the Cuenca del Salado is temperate, with regular rainfall throughout the year.
Claromeco Basin
The Claromeco Basin is an area known as the Pampa inteserrana. It is characterized by its unique beauty and is suitable for the cultivation of cereals, oilseeds, and livestock. The Claromeco Basin is bordered by a stream with high erosive power.
Colorado Basin
The Colorado Basin is a depression that is occupied by the valleys of the Colorado River and the Black River. It has a significant accumulation of sediments and abandoned channels of the estuary. The Colorado Basin is an environment with an abundant presence of dunes.
Patagonian Plateau
The Patagonian Plateau has a homogeneous landscape, with low plateaus and allochthonous rivers. It stretches from the foothills north of Cuyo and Black River to Tierra del Fuego. The topography of the Patagonian Plateau descends from west to east in stages, ending in a cliff in the Argentine Sea. The plateau has large flat surfaces called pampas and an arid, cold, and dry climate. The soils in the Patagonian Plateau are infertile, and the region is used for sheep farming. The Patagonian Plateau is also characterized by strong wind erosion.
Missionary Plateau
The Missionary Plateau is characterized by flat-topped low hills that range in height from 200 to 800 meters. The highest mountains in the Missionary Plateau act as watersheds between the Paraná and Uruguay rivers. The higher areas of the Missionary Plateau are located in the northeastern region and have high temperatures and abundant rainfall. The rivers and creeks in the Missionary Plateau have waterfalls and present red lateritic soils due to the large amount of iron in the land.
Distribution: Natural Factors
Terrain: The terrain is an important factor for the settlement of the population. People tend to settle in flat areas and plateaus, but not in mountainous areas.
Weather: Most of the population is found in temperate and warm areas. Patagonia, which has a cold climate, is almost deserted.
Soil fertility: People tend to settle in areas with fertile soils, such as the Chaco-Pampean Plain, where livestock farming is of paramount importance.
Availability of fresh water: People need this natural resource to live. Where there is a large river or large water systems, the population will be plentiful.
Economic and Historical Factors
Economic and historical factors have made the Pampa region of Argentina the so-called “nuclear area of the country.” The development of livestock and agriculture, drainage, and the great waves of European immigrants made the Chaco-Pampean Plain the most important region in Argentina.
Paraná River
The Paraná River is formed by the confluence of the Paranaiba and Grande rivers in southern Brazil. It is approximately 4,000 km long and is divided into three sections: the Upper Paraná, the Middle Paraná, and the Lower Paraná. The Paraná River is tortuous and has a bed width that varies from its source to Corrientes. The river increases in volume and width from Corrientes to its mouth. It is the second largest river in America after the Amazon River and is navigable for almost its entire length. The Paraná River has major hydroelectric dams and is home to the most important ports in Argentina.
Uruguay River
Plateau is a river, southern Brazil born, runs from its source with frequent falls and rapids, is an important river flow, are important in the international bridges and ports, also the Salto Grande hydroelectric dam, its mouth is in the River Plate.
Biomes: is a set of animals and plants that live in a certain place, a place very special characteristics in terms of relief, the rainfall and climate
Includes forest called the forest and jungle of Misiones Tucumán – Oranense or Yungas. There is the presence of abundant rainfall, high humidity and high temperatures. The jungle of Misiones has a plant in strata (lower, middle and upper) in the Yungas is one of the most biodiverse environments in the country and dairy the most threatened by destruction.
Forest is located in the northern Chaco forest and the forest in southern Andean – Patagonian. The vegetation in the Chaco forest is deciduous (drop their leaves in autumn) and xeric (thorny), growing hardwood species such as quebracho and carob, support dry winters and wet summers. The Andean – Patagonian forests grow in cold weather, moist deciduous vegetation also exists.
It is mostly grasslands in the Pampas plains. Predominantly small herbal vegetation, climate is temperate with regular rainfall throughout the year, is the most altered biomes by human activities such as: they are used for agriculture – livestock.
Espinal biome is a transition, that means that sits between the grasslands and forests of Chaco, in the palm can find, in savannahs and steppes.
Semidesert biome is a group of arid climates that receive less than 500 mm. annual, extending from the Puna to the Patagonian plateau. Although characterized by aridity differ depending on temperature, topography and soil type. Also excluded n the steppe biome to the sandy and stony soils.
Population pyramids is a graphical representation to help us realize and understand the different situations of a given population, whether a town, city, department, province or country.
• Expansive is manifested in poor and underdeveloped countries. Have a high birth rate and life expectancy very low due to high mortality. They are very young populations, and therefore show high growth.
• Timer: occurs in developed countries. They quickly dropped the birth and mortality rates have long been controlled, with life expectancy increasing. They are very aged population, which is not guaranteed generational.
• Stationary: manifests in underdeveloped countries. Mortality is controlled and are the first signs of recent birth control.
SAP is the name given to all persons of either sex who contribute their labor to produce goods and services during a specified period defined by the United Nations. It refers to a population from age 14. Active society is composed of several categories:
• Employees or busy: people in paid employment, either salaried or self-employed, working between 38 and 46 hours per week.
• The unemployed: those who are unemployed but actively seeking their share determines the rate of unemployment.
• The sub. OT: are those who work less than 35 hours per week and want to work more.
Classification of population by employment statusActive 1.Población: employees, public and private sector, self-employed, employer or partner, and family benefits (sub occupied). 2.Población unemployed: looking for first job or previous job. 3.Población inactive: students, housewives home, retirees, pensioners or others.
Employment and unemployment calls using the primary source of personal and family income, a decisive factor for social cohesion. Unemployment is the relationship between the unemployed and all, but is also considered to unemployment and unemployment as synonymous. The consequences are: • On public service utilization • Lower wages • Long hours working in black • • • Lack of job security and family personal degradation.