Aircraft Flight Procedures and Emergency Protocols

Posted on Jun 11, 2026 in Other subjects

Slow Flight Procedures and Maneuvers

Establish an external visual reference from the aircraft’s nose to maintain heading. Check that the propeller is at 2100 RPM and reduce manifold pressure by 10” MAP while carefully regulating deceleration to preserve altitude. When the airspeed drops below 85 KIAS, select Flap TAKE OFF and trim the aircraft for the new configuration. At 70 KIAS, engage Flap DOWN to 30º. Once the aircraft is appropriately trimmed and maintaining both heading and altitude, ensure a constant speed of 60 KIAS, adjusting power as needed for the landing configuration. If turns are required, execute them smoothly with a maximum bank angle of 10º to observe the aircraft’s behavior.

Common Errors in Slow Flight

  • Pulling back the yoke without sufficiently reducing power, resulting in altitude gain.
  • Inadequate trimming or incorrect use of the trim.
  • Failing to maintain heading during power changes.
  • Delaying pitch corrections for speed control or power corrections for pitch maintenance.
  • Neglecting to add power when commencing a turn.
  • Entering a stall.

Engine Failure During Take-off

1. Before Take-off (Ground Roll)

In case of any abnormality during the take-off ground roll, command an abort:

  1. Move throttles to idle immediately.
  2. Apply brake pressure and select flaps UP.

2. After Rotation

In case of failure with runway remaining: land immediately by lowering the nose to maintain a safe speed and select full flaps.

3. Power Loss Below 500ft AGL

If power is lost without runway remaining: maintain the best glide speed of 70 KIAS to land straight ahead within an angle of ±45 degrees of the aircraft’s longitudinal axis. If under 400ft, select Flaps T/O and then Full Flaps when a safe landing is assured. If above 400ft, maintain Flaps UP until a safe landing is assured, then select Full Flaps.

4. Power Loss Above 500ft AGL

If you have enough altitude to complete a 180º turn to land on the opposite runway, maintain the best glide speed of 70 KIAS.

Standard Take-off Briefing

A standard take-off is performed with Flaps T/O, rotating at 53 KIAS. In crosswind, icing, or performance-critical situations, a CLEAN configuration may be selected, and the rotation speed may be increased by 7 KIAS. At Mutxamel, inform ATC of the backtrack. During the take-off run, apply more rudder to counteract yaw.

Standard Callouts

  • Take-off Power Set: Once aligned with power above 2350 RPM.
  • Engine Parameters Green: After checking engine instruments.
  • Airspeed Alive: When airspeed reaches 40 KIAS.
  • Rotate: Maintain centerline until reaching rotation speed.
  • Flaps Up: Upon reaching 400ft AGL, pitch down slightly to reach 65 KIAS and retract flaps.
  • Crosswind Turn: At 500ft, start the turn to the crosswind leg of the traffic pattern with a maximum bank angle of 25º.

Go Around Procedure

  1. Callout: “Go Around.”
  2. Power: Apply full throttle and adjust pitch to reach 60 KIAS.
  3. Flaps: If in Full Flaps, select Flaps T/O. If already in Flaps T/O, maintain configuration.
  4. Acceleration: At 400ft, accelerate to 65 KIAS and clean the aircraft configuration.
  5. Checklist: Upon reaching 1000ft or the traffic pattern altitude, read the After Take-off Checklist.

Traffic Circuit Procedures

  1. At 400ft AGL: Accelerate to 65 KIAS and set flaps to 0.
  2. At 500ft AGL: Turn to crosswind and reduce propeller lever to 2265 RPM.
  3. At 1200ft AGL: Turn to downwind, accelerate to 90 KIAS, maintain altitude, and reduce throttle to 20″ MAP. Read the checklist.
  4. Abeam Threshold: Select Flaps T/O and maintain 80 KIAS.
  5. On Base: Select Flap DOWN, move propeller lever forward, maintain 70 KIAS, and continue descent.
  6. On Final: Maintain 60 KIAS and complete the Final Checklist.