Adverbial Clauses: Types, Examples, and Usage
Adverbial Clauses: Types and Examples
Adverbial clauses are equivalent to an adverb or a conjunction. They can be classified based on their function within a sentence. Adverbial clauses can also be formed using the infinitive, gerund, or participle forms of verbs.
Place Clauses
Nexus: a, de, por, donde (to, of, by, where)
Examples:
- “We go where you want.”
- “I could not get to where she was.”
- “The circle where it is forbidden.”
- “I put it where you said.”
Time Clauses
Nexus: cuando, apenas, tan pronto como, antes (de) que, mientras, hasta que, en cuanto (when, just as soon as, before, while, until, in that)
Examples:
- “When I finished, I ran.”
- “Do not talk while eating.”
Impersonal Forms:
- Al, hasta, después de + Infinitive: “After school, I’ll wait.”
- Gerund: “Ana suffered a fall going to school.”
- Participle: “Acabada la dinner, we went.” (Once the dinner was finished, we went.)
Manner Clauses
Nexus: como, según, conforme, según que (as, as, according to which, according as)
Examples:
- “I did it as you said.”
- “Install the machine according to the instructions.”
Impersonal Forms:
- Sin, con, a base de + Infinitive: “Not knowing Latin, to understand not Virgil, I like to applaud wildly.”
- “Went out at full speed.”
Causal Clauses
Nexus: que, porque, pues, puesto que, ya que, dado que, por supuesto, visto que (that, because, since, as, given that, of course, seen that)
Examples:
- “It will come forth because it does not rain.”
- “Since you cannot decide, I’ll just.”
Impersonal Forms:
- Por, para, a fuerza de + Infinitive: “We have been fooled by clever by spend.”
- Gerund: “Coming from you, I accept the commission with pleasure.”
- Por, de, con + Participle: “Tired of the delays, not waited.” (Tired of the delays, he did not wait.)
- No link (preceded by a colon): “He’s tired: he has studied all night.”
Consecutive Clauses
Nexus: así que, luego, conque, por consiguiente, pues, de modo que, por lo tanto, de ahí que, tan (so, so then, therefore, then, so, so therefore, there that, so)
Examples:
- “She ran so much that she got tired.”
- “I think, therefore I am.”
- “He gave him such joy that he began to mourn.”
- “Nobody is so abrupt that it holds.”
- “Both cried out that he lost his voice.”
- “I have a haircut so bad that I’m embarrassed to go out.”
Impersonal Forms:
- De, para + Infinitive: “Not drunk enough to get drunk.”
- “The party is getting to go home.” (The party is getting to the point where we should go home.)
Final Clauses
Nexus: para que, a fin de que, con el fin de, en orden a, con vistas a (so that, in order that, in order to, in order, with a view to)
Examples:
- “He was called to come.”
- “Bring me the medicine and take it.”
Impersonal Forms:
- Para, por, con, a + Infinitive: “I took her to see a horror film.”
- “Has brought order to the ludo to play in your room.”
- Not to be confused with the adjectival noun in OI: “Give me fifty euros who help place these boxes.”
- No connection (with the verb be or periphrasis going to + infinitive): “She unwrapped it carefully, lest an unpleasant surprise.”
Conditional Clauses
Nexus: si, como, cuando, a condición de que, con tal de que, siempre que, a menos que, con que (if, how, when, provided that, if only, if, unless, with that)
Examples:
- “If approved studies.”
- “With the adoption of language, I am satisfied.”
Impersonal Forms:
- De, con tal de, a condición de, en caso de + Infinitive: “Had I known, I would not be here.”
- Gerund: “Yelling, you lose all reason.”
- Participle: “This furniture, sanded and painted, resemble other.”
- “Considering these arguments, we are right.”
Concessive Clauses
Nexus: aunque, a pesar de, aun cuando, si bien, aun así, siquiera, mal que, por más que (although, despite, well, even if, although, even so, if you want it, badly, for more that)
Examples:
- “No te quiero aunque I cried for you.” (I don’t love you, even though I cried for you.)
- “Although I told him, he did.”
Drafts Syntactic Concessive:
- “Whatever I say, come what may, whatever, talk that talk, and so on.”
- “Earn what you earn, is always penniless.”
- “Whatever the party, I’m bored.”
- “No matter how silly it is, must have known.”
- “As much as you run, will not reach the train.”
Impersonal Forms:
- Con, aunque, sin, por + Infinitive: “With only apologize, it will not be enough.”
- “Despite to be sick, go.” (Despite being sick, go.)
- Aun, hasta + Gerund: “Jurándolo still not going to believe you.” (Even swearing it, I’m still not going to believe you.)
- Participle: “Angry and all came with us.”
- “Still believes, as I.”
Comparative Clauses
Gender
Nexus: tan… como, así… como, igual… que, lo mismo… que (both … as, well … as, well … what, the same … what)
Examples:
- “You look as young as I imagined.”
- “As for a broken Vale that for a disjointed.” (As much for a broken one as for a disjointed one.)
Inferiority
Nexus: menos… que, menos… de (less … than, less … that)
Examples:
- “These meetings are less boring than the others.”
- “I have less desire to mourn but to laugh.”
Superiority
Nexus: más… que, más… de (more … that, rather than, more … that)
Examples:
- “These shoes are better than mine.”
Impersonal Forms:
- Infinitive: “Is better at singing than dancing.”
- “I wanted nothing so much as having it in the world.”