A History of Black Catholics in the United States
Fr. Cyprian Davis, O.S.B. – wrote the history of black catholics, benedictine monk. Black catholics asked him about their history, didnt know, found out ||fort mose – first free town in u.S. History
jean-baptiste pointe dusable – born in haiti, mother free woman when he was born, father was french sailer, white. Dad sent him to france to get education.
Forgets papers, about to be slave, but priest vouches for him, says to leave new orleands. Becomes business man, fur trader. Founder of chicago, starts it with his fur trading
venerable pierre toussant-born a slave in haiti, comes to NY with master, hatian revolution starts, he is a great hair dresser. Made lots of money for his master. Master goes back to haiti to save his stuff. The family has nothing now, didnt tell them, just does hair. Wife decides to give pierre freedom. Becoes well of man, devout catholic.
Mass everyday. Big catholic philanthropist.
servant of god mother mary lange, O.S.P-settled in baltimore founded oblate sisters of province
oblate sisters of providence, 1828-education of black children
st. Francis xavier church, baltimore-first church built for black people in u.S.
coincoin-enslaved black woman, relationship with french man. French man gave her freedom establish one of first black catholic church. Started society of free blacks
augustin metoyer-black man who owned slaves
church of qugustine isle brevelle-free and open church
venerable henriette deille, S.S.F.-free woman of color, expected to marry french man but she didnt, said marriage is a sacrament. French man would have free black wife and french wife. Founder of sisters of holy family
sisters of holy family, 1842-to serve people of color and enslaved black commnity with education and social services. Catholic old age home.
pope gregory xvi-catholics involved in slavery, pope writes against the slave trade. People think for slaves he is writing about europe and not america
in supremo apostolatus, 1839-bull issued by ope gregory xvi that denounced slave trade and slavery
the healy family-born from irish father and black slave, started as slaves. If mother is slave, you are slave. Parents died, pretended to not be black.
spanish make offer to enslaved black in georgia that if they fight in malicia and become catholic they will get freedo in florida ||big black catholic places are baltimore and new orleans
saint martin de forres-enters doinicans and becoes servant for them, becomes saint for interracial justice
archbishop martin j spaling-when Civil War was about to end, agreed we should accept that and was now against slavery. Before Civil War he was for slavery. Calls bishops together and tells them what to do to reap harvest of souls. Ask vatican to send them an eclesiastical man to take care of negros in places. They dont like not having control so no. 2. Should have order of priests to serve black community. They werent taking care of blacks, many left church. They say ok
josephites-priests to serve black communities
augustus tolton-first recognized black man to be ordained. He was mission priest. Found first black parish. Dad runs away and then mom takes kids and runs away to free place. Got catholic ed. Couldnt get in priesthood in us has to get ordained as missionary priest in rome. Served at home in black parish in quincy. Servant of god
sisters of blessed sacraments for indians and colored people 1891- founded by drexel
daniel rudd-wanted children to have access to education, gets to ohio to get educationn, makes american catholic tribune, catholic new paper, published reports about black catholics from everywhere, america, catholic thought most afro americans would become catholic, thought the only place with no discrimination was in catholic church. Founded colored catholic conress movement-gave black catholics a chance to come together for all over and accomplish things black catholics said they needed.
bishop john england-one of chief people to support slavery in us. Most leaders of catholics supported slavery before Civil War.
archbishop john baptist purcell-against slavery i think ||daniel oconnell-called for end to slavery
father augustus tolton-first recognized black priest in us. People started going to his church instead of other churches cause he is good, goes to chicago cause someone requested
black josephites-seek to ordain black men to serve as josephites
saint katherine drexel-joined by sister in effort to evangilize native americans and african americans, important for everyone to know, took kids to see hardship in places, parents die, left with millions of dollars, invest it in evangelizing african amer, native, through schools, establish religious community of women to serve black/native comunities. Made funding available to other schools that they couldnt reach. Founded first and only black catholic university
plessy v ferguson 1896- separate but equal, plessy was black catholic, rights being taken away from black catholics, jim crow laws being passed. In case plassy says that it violates 14 and 15 amendment
dr. Thomas wyatt turner-born in catholic counties of southern maryland. He is from ancient lack catholic maryland family. Waited to go to highschool when he was teen. Didnt want to convert to another religion so had to leave and get education. Founded federated colored catholics. 3 goals-how is racism practiced inside church, how it harms all catholics. 2 develope ways to make catholics more aware of racism. 3 establish and improve catholic educational opportunities for catholics
father john lafarge, s.J.-establish catholic interracial council. Vewed as premeire catholic thing on racism
mother grace damman-member of religious of sacred heart of Jesus, dedicated to education of girls decided to admit black women into manhattanville resolutions. Students wrote manhattanville, resolution saying they wanted blacks to attend
manhattanville resolutions 1933-known to educate the elite of catholics. Women only. Used to be in harlem so well off could see situation of blacks. These were resolutions of students
a.P. Tureaud-louisiana catholic, black, couldnt get legal education in louisiana, goes to d.C. To study at howard university
cardinal joseph ritter-fro virginia, thought the mixing of blacks and whites not right, studys for priesthood in rome. Meets black priest changes mind. Writes to his bishop saying why he should be priest, later integrates the entire diocese
brown v board of education-separate schools for black and white unconstitutional
baltimore catechism-produced in 1880s, it is a book in how to teach catholic faith, used in parochial school and sunday school
parochial school-school attached to parish
low mass-typical mass catholic would participate in, early in morning, not lots of singing (high mass=singing, germans liked those)
parish missions-held annually, focus was to revive faith of catholics through preaching
paraliturgicals-happen inside church but not part of mass, benediction, 40 hrs devotion, novenas
social gospel movement-involved christians of many denomination. Transition from rural to industrialization wanted people to find meaning in work they did, immigration important, many immigrants were catholic, clustered in ethnic neighborhoods, the gospel of wealth also prominent people in industry make tons of money, they think they are lessed with intelligence to make money. Carnegie used to be poor. Cooperation over competition
christocentric-centered on Jesus, brotherhood of man, fatherhood of god, want good education for everybody. They thought we could all be perfected. Take up issue of child labor, alcohol, lynching.
protestants go to catholic schools and stand up for catholics when they get under fire.
2 million poles immigrate to us in 1870 cause poland is occupied by germany, austria, and russia. Land being stripped away so they came to us to survive (many were farmers). We are moving from the farm to undustry, so poles work in steel milles, coal mines, meat packing difficult, dangerous labor. Poles wanted to maintain the poles as a people when they came to us. They had devotion to mary and dedicated to local parishes. They wanted to be lead by priests and sisters fro poland, first italian american church. 4 mill italian immigrants in us economic depression caused italians to coe. Majority are peasants. Thought they would come to us to make money then would go back, many of them did that. Most that stayed sttled in urban areas with lots of industrialization
society of st. Stanislavs kostka-largest parish in us, polish.
fraternal organizations provide funds to take care of peeps. Poles import priest and sisters
resurrectionists-polish catholics in america asked to invite polish priests to chicago to serve congregations in chicago. Priests called resurrectionsists. Bishop agreed so they came
clericalists-people who identified polish identity with catholicism
francis hodur-priest, polish american organizedpolish nat catholic church (only american ethnic church that survived breaking away form catholic church
schism-a segment of the church breaks away formt he church. Polish made one when they ade parish without approval of church
missionaries of st charles borromeo-community to serve spiritual needs of italians in america. Founded by bishop scalabrini ||mother francis cabrini-first us saint
catholic action-makes use of networks the church already has like charitable organizations.
pope pius xi-defined catholic action as the participation of the laity in the apostolate of the hierarchy
holy name society-clergy and layment. Promised to obay 2nd commandment, support manly behavior
catholic youth organization-childrens sodality, kids stay out of trouble, sports
knights of columbus-response to secret societies, catholic church forbid being in secret societies. It was mutual benefit society, insurance
association of catholic trade unionists-organization for catholics in a union
legion of decency-catholic organization to promote decent movies
christian family movement-improve society through families, scripture
grail communities-devote to prayer with understanding they would come back out in society