benne

Posted on Oct 3, 2023 in Philosophy and ethics

Human Reproduction: Process by which humans create new beings.

  • Sexual reproduction: Fusion of the ovum (female gamete) and the sperm (male gamete) to form the Zygote.
  • Genetic material: Mixture of parent’s genetic material.
  • Internal fertilization: inside of the female reproductive system.
  • Viviparous: Embryonic development inside of the female’s reproductive system.
  • CHILDHOOD: Birth-Adolescence, Changes: great motor (control over the body), physical(size) emotional and cognitive (Speaking, Reading, writing skills) development. Primary sexcharacteristics of male and female reproductive system from bird).
  • ADOLESCENCE: Childhood-adulthood, Physical changes (sex hormones production to create the secondary sex characteristics) Mental changes (human personality definition).
  • ADULTHOOD: Slow mental, physical and emotional growth. Aging beginning and reduction of ability to reproduce.(menopause and spermquantity and quality reduction)
  • GAMETS (SEX CELLS): cells specialized in reproduction. Its fusion form the zygote.
  • ZYGOTE: The first cell of the new living organisms created through gametes fusion.
  • GENETIC MATERIAL: Each gamete carries half of the zygote’s genetic material.
  • Gamete’s production is regulated byhormones and produced in specialized sex organs called organs.
  • EGGS: Producedin the ovaries (female gonads), large, spherical cells that contains reserves substances to support the zygote during the first few days become mature during puberty ( menstruation).
  • SPERMS: Produces in the testes, (the male gonads)They have a flagellum to move about. Sperm production begins at puberty and continues as a man ages.
  • Reproductive system:set of organs and structures involved in reproduction.
  • Gonads: production of gametes and some sex hormones.
  • Genital Tracts: Transport of gametes
  • Sex organs: Organs that bring the eggs and the sperm together inside of the human reprod. system during thesexual intercourse.
  • Female repr system: Nourishment of the new human being during embryonic development.
  • Penis: Organ that when is filled by blood, expand and become rigid causing the erection.
  • Testis: Male gonads that carried out the sperm production. Sperm is stored in a duct called epididymis and all the structure is protected bya sack of skin called scrotum. They secrets Testosterone.
  • Urethra: Part of the male reproductive system and the urinary system. It transport urine and provides the exit of semen during ejaculation process.
  • Uterus: Thick-walled muscular cavity that increasesin size to accommodate the fetus during pregnancy.
  • Fallopian tubes:Two ducts ( oviducts) where fertilization takes place. ( oviducts). Eggs released in the ovariestravel through this ducts until getting the uterus.
  • Ovary: Female gonads where mature eggs ( female gametes). They produce estrogens and progesterone (sex hormones).
  • Vagina: Organ that communicates the uterus whit the body’s exterior.
  • Vulva: External genital structure it contains the labia (protecting the urethral orifice) and the Vaginal opening (Connects with the vagina)

ovarium cycle::Egg’s maturation in one of the ovaries./Egg’s releasement into the fallopian tube.

  • uterus cycle:  Gradually thickening of the endometrium (mucous membrane of the uterus).
  • If pregnancy doesn’t occur, it is eliminated through menstruation.
  • FERTILIZATION Combination of the two gametes (egg and sperm) to form a fertilized egg called zygote, the first cell of the new organism.
  • FERTILIZATION STEPS //// 1 sexual intercourse: Insertion of the male sex organ (penis) into the female sex organ (vagina).
  • 2 Ejaculation : delivery of the male’s semen into the cervix ( lower part of the uterus).
  • 3Gametes search : Sperm (male gametes) use flagella to travel to the fallopian tube in search ofthe eggs.
  • 4 Gametes Fusion: In the fallopian tube a single sperm cell (spermatozoid) fuse with the egg and fertilize it giving riseto the zygote.
  • GESTATION: Process by which one or more new living organisms are developed in the mother’s uterus.
  • IMPLANTATION: Process through which the living organisms adheres to the tissues of the mother’s uterus
  • ORIGEN: Outer cells from blastocyst forms structures for nourishment and protection.
  • PLACENTA: Organ that connects the new living organism to the mother. It controls the exchange of substances between their circulatory system. The fetus obtains nutrients , oxygen and antibodies and removes metabolic waste.
  • UMBILICALCORD:Structure that connects the circulatory system of the fetus with the placenta. With one vein (transports nutrient-rich blood from placenta to fetus) and 2 arteries (carry wastes from fetus to placenta).
  • AMNIOTIC SAC : Membrane containing amniotic fluid. It cushions the fetus, keep it at stable temperature and allowsfree movement.

BIRTH: Process by which the fully developed baby, together with the structures that supported it throughout pregnancy, leave the mother’s body.

  • 1st Labor: Muscular contractions of the uterus, rupture of the amniotic sac and progressive dilation of cervix and vagina to allow the baby’s passage.
  • 2nd Delivery: Uterine contractions until the mother push the baby through the vagina. The head comes first. The umbilical cord is clamped and cut.
  • 3rd Afterbirth: Other contractions push the placenta along with the remainder of the umbilicalcord and the amniotic sac.